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@@ -50,6 +50,6 @@ I've decided I've considered learning [[shorthand]]
enough times independently enough times independently
that I would likely benefit from it. that I would likely benefit from it.
I added [[Leslie_1968_Gregg-Notehand|a book]] I added [[leslie-et-al_1968_gregg-notehand|a book]]
on [[shorthand#Gregg Notehand]] on [[shorthand#Gregg Notehand]]
to my calibre library. to my calibre library.
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@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ title: 2025-11-16
#topic/hobbies/shorthand #topic/hobbies/writing #topic/hobbies/shorthand #topic/hobbies/writing
Yesterday evening, Yesterday evening,
while I was reading [[Leslie_1968_Gregg-Notehand]], while I was reading [[leslie-et-al_1968_gregg-notehand]],
for the first time practicing its lessons, for the first time practicing its lessons,
trying to [[learn-shorthand]], trying to [[learn-shorthand]],
I was growing frustrated with the terminology the text uses I was growing frustrated with the terminology the text uses
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@@ -14,12 +14,16 @@ tags:
#occupational/takeoff #topic/ambiguity #topic/transparency #occupational/takeoff #topic/ambiguity #topic/transparency
Related: [[lighting-controls-takeoff]]
### Minutes ### Minutes
2025-12-10 08:30--10:00 2025-12-10 08:30--10:00
Objective: Discuss lighting control systems Objective: Discuss lighting control systems
***
A primary reason for the discussion was presented: A primary reason for the discussion was presented:
> [!example] ^ex > [!example] ^ex
@@ -31,6 +35,8 @@ A primary reason for the discussion was presented:
> When the project team received a quote for a "per code" system, > When the project team received a quote for a "per code" system,
> the total was ~$600,000. > the total was ~$600,000.
***
Ultimately the responsibility is ConEst's Ultimately the responsibility is ConEst's
to resolve discrepancies between: to resolve discrepancies between:
* applicable code * applicable code
@@ -38,6 +44,8 @@ to resolve discrepancies between:
* Bid proposal intent * Bid proposal intent
* PDR quote intent * PDR quote intent
***
It was erroneously suggested that lighting control conductors It was erroneously suggested that lighting control conductors
may be run with their circuit conductors if both are 600V insulated.[^1] may be run with their circuit conductors if both are 600V insulated.[^1]
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@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
---
id:
aliases: []
title: 2025-12-12
tags:
- authorship/original
- destiny/permanent
- status/draft
- type/daily
---
# 2025-12-12
## 2025-12-12 09:38
A humorous exchange between a peer in estimating and myself:
> **Peer:** "Your research will one day cure estimator's brain,
> a disease sweeping across \[our\] floor"
>
> **Me:** "if you ask me-I mean my friend-it's quite rare actually"
>
> **Peer:** "more data will be needed before a strong conclusion can be made"
>
> **Me:** "damn it's got you too"
My response was meant to imply that,
among those employed as estimators,
knowledge of and application of scientific methods are rare.
I wonder though if it would have been more apt
to reply "you're in the clear" or something to that effect,
implying that one with estimator brain
would make decisions based on limited data.
@@ -18,4 +18,7 @@ However, for construction projects,
**return** is known but **cost** must be estimated. **return** is known but **cost** must be estimated.
In this way, projects are better compared to _insurance accounts_. In this way, projects are better compared to _insurance accounts_.
- cost of individual service is uncertain
- cost to customer must be minimized
[[actuarial-science]] [[actuarial-science]]
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@@ -2,7 +2,10 @@
id: id:
aliases: [] aliases: []
title: Auction Theory title: Auction Theory
tags: [] tags:
- authorship/original
- destiny/permanent
- topic/strategy
--- ---
# Auction Theory # Auction Theory
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@@ -15,12 +15,12 @@ tags:
## Scope ## Scope
This note is intended to describe bid process strategy This note is intended to describe bid process strategy
especially in terms of [[auction-theory]], especially in terms of
which specifically addresses the competitive bid format
typical of construction project award,
and [[actuarial-science]], ...
See [[bad-bid-practice]] * [[auction-theory]],
which specifically addresses the competitive bid format
typical of construction project award, and
* [[actuarial-science]], ...
### Outside Factors Influencing Bid Price ### Outside Factors Influencing Bid Price
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@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
--- ---
id: id:
aliases: [] aliases: []
title: Breakdown Objects
tags: tags:
- authorship/original - authorship/original
- destiny/fleeting - destiny/fleeting
@@ -9,7 +10,6 @@ tags:
- topic/estimating - topic/estimating
- topic/software - topic/software
- type/idea - type/idea
title: Breakdown Objects
--- ---
# Breakdown Objects # Breakdown Objects
@@ -64,10 +64,13 @@ equipment of the same type is assumed to be evenly spaced.
![[location-vs-scope.excalidraw]] ![[location-vs-scope.excalidraw]]
MDPB is physically _located_ in "Bldg A", MDPB is physically _located_ in Building A,
but serves only loads in "Bldg B". but serves only loads in Building B.
``` ```
location = "Bldg A" location = Buildings["Building A"]
scope = "Bldg B" scope = Buildings["Building B"]
``` ```
Were Building B removed from the contract scope,
it can be expected that MDPB would be as well.
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@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ are currently disparate, disjointed, and redundant
### Naming Conventions (Use Case vs. Description) ### Naming Conventions (Use Case vs. Description)
Related: [[realism-vs-instrumentalism]]
Naming by use case is intuitive for those without estimating or field experience, Naming by use case is intuitive for those without estimating or field experience,
but has the side effect that those accustomed to the names but has the side effect that those accustomed to the names
will inevitably _treat them as descriptive_. will inevitably _treat them as descriptive_.
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@@ -47,11 +47,12 @@ that errors aren't set in stone
until a contract is signed. until a contract is signed.
Destigmatizing proposal retraction is of critical concern for subcontractors. Destigmatizing proposal retraction is of critical concern for subcontractors.
See [[estimating-culture]] for more on estimate error [[strategy#Game Theory]]. See [[estimating-culture]] for more on estimate error [[game-theory]].
It's important to recognize that retracting a proposal It's important to recognize that retracting a proposal
may upset a few people employed by the GC, may upset a few people employed by the GC,
but consider how little your own opinion matters to your company's strategic decisions. but consider how little your own opinion
matters to your company's strategic decisions.
Much bigger people are involved after the proposal is accepted. Much bigger people are involved after the proposal is accepted.
## Resources ## Resources
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@@ -13,12 +13,12 @@ title: Distribution Equipment
## Pigtail Adaptors ## Pigtail Adaptors
![[burndy-AYP300_pigtail-adaptor.png|201x201]] Pigtail adaptors are used where wire size exceeds the range of terminal lugs.
They are crimped onto the stripped end of the conductor.
Pigtail adaptors are used where feeder wires exceed the range of terminal lugs.
> [!info] > [!info]
> "Pigtail adaptor" is the most common name and spelling for the device, > "Pigtail adaptor" is (unfortunately)
> the most common name and spelling for the device,
> however it's something of a misnomer, > however it's something of a misnomer,
> having nothing to do with pigtails (a short length of wire), > having nothing to do with pigtails (a short length of wire),
> the name likely stemming from the device being used _in lieu_ of a pigtail. > the name likely stemming from the device being used _in lieu_ of a pigtail.
@@ -29,8 +29,6 @@ Pigtail adaptors are used where feeder wires exceed the range of terminal lugs.
> * Theatrical Switchboard > * Theatrical Switchboard
> * Stage Switchboard > * Stage Switchboard
![[company-switch.png|500x625]]
Company switches are lighting control equipment Company switches are lighting control equipment
unique to performance venues unique to performance venues
like those subject to [[nfpa-70_520_theaters]] like those subject to [[nfpa-70_520_theaters]]
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@@ -12,8 +12,10 @@ title: Estimating Ethics
--- ---
# Estimating Ethics # Estimating Ethics
Clients engaging in unethical bidding practices can quickly gain a reputation for doing so, Contractors engaging in unethical bidding practices
leading to reduced bid response that can be impossible to fully recover from. can quickly gain a reputation for doing so,
leading to reduced bid response
that can be impossible to fully recover from.
To ensure a transparent bidding process, one must To ensure a transparent bidding process, one must
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@@ -12,29 +12,11 @@ title: Fixtures Takeoff
# Fixtures Takeoff # Fixtures Takeoff
This system is only for luminaires and their immediate branch wiring. This system is only for luminaires and their immediate branch wiring.
See also [[lighting-controls]] and [[electrical]]. See also [[lighting-controls-takeoff]] and [[electrical-takeoff]].
## Info
## Sequence ## Sequence
### 1. Preparation
1. Read about the project specifications and construction type
2. In drawings, locate:
* Fixture Schedule
* Reflected Ceiling Plans
### 2. Takeoff
See [[fixture-designations]]. See [[fixture-designations]].
1. Takeoff floor plans in order 1. Takeoff floor plans in order
2. Takeoff enlarged drawings 2. Takeoff enlarged drawings
### 3. Review
1. Garage Homeruns
2. Luminaire in Amenity Areas
3. Ensure appropriate breakdowns
* Site lighting in System "FML - Site Fixtures Material & Labor"
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@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ tags:
- destiny/permanent - destiny/permanent
- status/incomplete - status/incomplete
- topic/math - topic/math
- topic/strategy
- type/encyclopedia - type/encyclopedia
--- ---
# Game Theory # Game Theory
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@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ tags:
# _Gregg Notehand_ # _Gregg Notehand_
Gregg Notehand is a simplified form of Gregg Shorthand. Gregg Notehand is a simplified form of Gregg Shorthand.
It is described in the namesake [[Leslie_1968_Gregg-Notehand]] It is described in the namesake [[leslie-et-al_1968_gregg-notehand]]
This note is a description and critique This note is a description and critique
of both the book and the shorthand, of both the book and the shorthand,
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ and generally suffer from a facile understanding of phonology.
Totally unacceptable for a proposed alternative alphabet, Totally unacceptable for a proposed alternative alphabet,
but then the text does not understand that's what it's proposing. but then the text does not understand that's what it's proposing.
> [[Leslie_1968_Gregg-Notehand#2-8. Notehand principles]] > [[leslie-et-al_1968_gregg-notehand#2-8. Notehand principles]]
> **Silent letters omitted.** > **Silent letters omitted.**
> In the English language many words contain letters that are not pronounced. > In the English language many words contain letters that are not pronounced.
> In Notehand these silent letters are omitted, > In Notehand these silent letters are omitted,
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ but then the text does not understand that's what it's proposing.
*** ***
> [[Leslie_1968_Gregg-Notehand#2-8. Notehand principles]] > [[leslie-et-al_1968_gregg-notehand#2-8. Notehand principles]]
> Gregg Notehand is easy to learn---easier, actually, than longhand. Why? > Gregg Notehand is easy to learn---easier, actually, than longhand. Why?
> In longhand, there are many different ways of writing a given letter; > In longhand, there are many different ways of writing a given letter;
> in Gregg Notehand, there is only one way. > in Gregg Notehand, there is only one way.
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@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@ abbreviated Btu<sub>IT</sub>
$$ $$
\begin{align*} \begin{align*}
1 \text{Btu}_\text{IT} &= \left( 4.1868 \times 453.59237 \times{\frac{5}{9}} \right) \text{J} \\ 1 \text{Btu}_\text{IT} &= \left( 4.1868 \times 453.59237 \times{\frac{5}{9}} \right)~\text{J} \\
&\approx 1055.056 \text{J} &\approx 1055.056~\text{J}
\end{align*} \end{align*}
$$ $$
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ a unit of power.
$$ $$
\begin{align*} \begin{align*}
1 \text{MBH} &= 1000 \text{Btu/hr} \\ 1 \text{MBH} &= 1000~\text{Btu/hr} \\
&\approx 3.412 \text{W} &\approx 3.412~\text{W}
\end{align*} \end{align*}
$$ $$
@@ -49,8 +49,8 @@ Unit of power
$$ $$
\begin{align*} \begin{align*}
1 \text{TR} &= 12000 \text{Btu}_\text{IT}/\text{h} \\ 1 \text{TR} &= 12000~\text{Btu}_\text{IT}/\text{h} \\
&\approx 3516.853 \text{W} &\approx 3516.853~\text{W}
\end{align*} \end{align*}
$$ $$
@@ -62,8 +62,6 @@ Unit of volumetric flow
### Airflow ### Airflow
* CFM
External static pressure (ESP) External static pressure (ESP)
measured in inches of water measured in inches of water
@@ -72,23 +70,23 @@ measured in inches of water
* Tons (refrigeration) * Tons (refrigeration)
* MBH * MBH
Entering air temperature (EAT) * Entering air temperature (EAT)
Leaving air temperature (LAT) * Leaving air temperature (LAT)
Mixed air temperature (MAT) * Mixed air temperature (MAT)
Latent heat * Latent heat
Sensible heat * Sensible heat
Sensible -> dry bulb * Sensible -> dry bulb
Latent -> wet bulb * Latent -> wet bulb
#### ??? #### ???
OSA EAT (F) * OSA EAT (F)
EXH EAT (F) * EXH EAT (F)
IN S.L. * IN S.L.
OUT ALT. * OUT ALT.
### Efficiency ### Efficiency
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ year: 1968
## Gregg Notehand ## Gregg Notehand
Gregg Notehand is a simplified form of Gregg Shorthand. Gregg Notehand is a simplified form of Gregg Shorthand.
It is described in the namesake [[Leslie_1968_Gregg-Notehand]] It is described in the namesake [[leslie-et-al_1968_gregg-notehand]]
### Critiques ### Critiques
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ and generally suffer from a facile understanding of phonology.
Totally unacceptable for a proposed alternative alphabet, Totally unacceptable for a proposed alternative alphabet,
but then the text does not understand that's what it's proposing. but then the text does not understand that's what it's proposing.
> [[Leslie_1968_Gregg-Notehand#2-8. Notehand principles]] > [[leslie-et-al_1968_gregg-notehand#2-8. Notehand principles]]
> **Silent letters omitted.** > **Silent letters omitted.**
> In the English language many words contain letters that are not pronounced. > In the English language many words contain letters that are not pronounced.
> In Notehand these silent letters are omitted, > In Notehand these silent letters are omitted,
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ but then the text does not understand that's what it's proposing.
*** ***
> [[Leslie_1968_Gregg-Notehand#2-8. Notehand principles]] > [[leslie-et-al_1968_gregg-notehand#2-8. Notehand principles]]
> Gregg Notehand is easy to learn---easier, actually, than longhand. Why? > Gregg Notehand is easy to learn---easier, actually, than longhand. Why?
> In longhand, there are many different ways of writing a given letter; > In longhand, there are many different ways of writing a given letter;
> in Gregg Notehand, there is only one way. > in Gregg Notehand, there is only one way.
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@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ title: Lighting Controls Takeoff
> [!info] "Local Control" as a PDI proposal qualification > [!info] "Local Control" as a PDI proposal qualification
> The term "local control only" is sometimes used to indicate > The term "local control only" is sometimes used to indicate
> no consideration for _any_ lighting control beyond standard devices, > no consideration for _any_ lighting control beyond standard devices,
> (with `$D`'s being the triac type) > (with `$D`'s being the [[lighting-controls#Triac Dimming|triac]] type)
> however, this phrasing is ambiguous and non-universal. > however, this phrasing is ambiguous and non-universal.
> Confirm with [[pdi-estimating#Bid Estimating|bid team]] on what must be included. > Confirm with [[pdi-estimating#Bid Estimating|bid team]] on what must be included.
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ Determine which Systems and Codes are required:
### Stand Alone ### Stand Alone
0-10V dim -- "LV cable" is 2 conductor 0-10V dim --- "LV cable" is 2 conductor
Takeoff rough-in for switches and occupancy sensors Takeoff rough-in for switches and occupancy sensors
* **Branch Length** = length of room * **Branch Length** = length of room
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@@ -100,6 +100,13 @@ Locate:
1. Locate Equipment Schedules 1. Locate Equipment Schedules
### Fixtures
1. Read about the project specifications and construction type
2. In drawings, locate:
* Fixture Schedule
* Reflected Ceiling Plans
### Low Voltage ### Low Voltage
1. Locate Proposal/Scope of Work. Determine ownership and takeoff responsibility: 1. Locate Proposal/Scope of Work. Determine ownership and takeoff responsibility:
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@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ for [[construction-estimating]] which:
* determines necessary [[estimating-detail]] * determines necessary [[estimating-detail]]
ROE leans heavily on [[uncertainty#Value of Information]], ROE leans heavily on [[uncertainty#Value of Information]],
which challenges the natural tendency to shy from uncertainty which challenges the natural tendency to fear even the smallest risk
with the reality of the **cost of certainty**. with the reality of the **cost of certainty**.
ROE does not endorse common shortcuts that round up to "cover" uncertainty, ROE does not endorse common shortcuts that round up to "cover" uncertainty,
@@ -32,19 +32,8 @@ increasing the probability of loss to a competitor.
## TALK ## TALK
Despite how alien my approach may seem to most estimators, This note currently gets too far into the weeds
I believe its all merely extrapolation on the conventional practice. of critiquing common practice.
ROE includes fields far more disparate
than my peers would traditionally consider relevant.
Bid risk may fit a [Taleb distribution](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taleb_distribution).
[Actuarial Science](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actuarial_science)
strongly parallels construction estimation:
- cost of individual service is uncertain
- cost to customer must be minimized
%% %%
@@ -83,9 +72,7 @@ See [[optimal-estimating-patterns]] for more.
Objections to the use of historical data in new estimates are not unfounded. Objections to the use of historical data in new estimates are not unfounded.
A framework to do so competently and consistently A framework to do so competently and consistently
does not currently exist. does not currently exist.
Nor does the software necessary to utilize such a framework efficiently.
> [!info]
> Nor does the software necessary to utilize such a framework efficiently.
The goal in and of itself ought not be controversial, however. The goal in and of itself ought not be controversial, however.
Businesses regularly make far riskier decisions based on projections Businesses regularly make far riskier decisions based on projections
@@ -117,7 +104,8 @@ Estimators know what the most likely and most expensive options are for a given
and can fill in the detail required for item-oriented takeoff. and can fill in the detail required for item-oriented takeoff.
This is called an **assumption** and is the basis of cost estimation. This is called an **assumption** and is the basis of cost estimation.
Assumptions are fundamentally incompatible with item-oriented estimating as it is commonly implemented. Assumptions are fundamentally incompatible with item-oriented estimating
as it is commonly implemented.
It is not possible to compare price possibilities It is not possible to compare price possibilities
except by creating separate takeoffs and breakdowns for each one. except by creating separate takeoffs and breakdowns for each one.
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@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
--- ---
id: id:
aliases: [] aliases: []
title: Takeoff Review
tags: tags:
- authorship/original - authorship/original
- destiny/permanent - destiny/permanent
- occupational/takeoff - occupational/takeoff
- status/incomplete - status/incomplete
- type/encyclopedia - type/encyclopedia
title: Takeoff Review
--- ---
# Takeoff Review # Takeoff Review
@@ -22,3 +22,10 @@ Count Car chargers and location
Ensure takeoff is in the generator `Area` and `System` breakdowns Ensure takeoff is in the generator `Area` and `System` breakdowns
Put location, quantity, and type on OneNote Put location, quantity, and type on OneNote
## Fixtures
1. Garage Homeruns
2. Luminaire in Amenity Areas
3. Ensure appropriate breakdowns
* Site lighting in System "FML - Site Fixtures Material & Labor"
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@@ -92,6 +92,9 @@ Use standard MC assemblies for remaining devices.
### "High-Lows" ### "High-Lows"
Empty in-wall pass through
from credenza location to behind television location.
`COMMON ASSEMBLIES`/`TELECOM SYSTEMS`/`UNIT DATA - TELECOM`/`HIGH-LOW - TV SCOOP 1 1/2" ENT - NO CABLE` `COMMON ASSEMBLIES`/`TELECOM SYSTEMS`/`UNIT DATA - TELECOM`/`HIGH-LOW - TV SCOOP 1 1/2" ENT - NO CABLE`
Eaton 35M2W Eaton 35M2W
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@@ -43,12 +43,12 @@ when i die
### Commentary ### Commentary
I wrote this at about 4:00 this morning (2025-10-21) I wrote this at about 2025-10-21 04:00
when I couldn't sleep. when I couldn't sleep.
#### Theme #### Theme
At the time I thought the poem was very funny, At the time I thought the poem was very funny:
it starts out morbid and death-negative, it starts out morbid and death-negative,
then becomes touching, then becomes touching,
then a sharp pivot to grotesque and absurd. then a sharp pivot to grotesque and absurd.
@@ -74,7 +74,8 @@ they're letting the reader off easy:
"don't bother with burial or cremation, "don't bother with burial or cremation,
just toss me in the woods", just toss me in the woods",
but the convenience is negated by their second request, but the convenience is negated by their second request,
a task that would be so ethically and technically difficult a task that would be so ethically difficult
(not to mention technically difficult)
as to be impossible for almost all people. as to be impossible for almost all people.
To make the speaker's request To make the speaker's request
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@@ -144,8 +144,8 @@ may only be used where they will be concealed from view.
### EMT Overhead ### EMT Overhead
Set-screw fittings are [[best-practice]] Set-screw fittings are cheaper than compression,
Set-screw fittings may not be acceptable. but may not be acceptable.
> [!info] > [!info]
> EMT has a third coupling type "indenter", > EMT has a third coupling type "indenter",
@@ -210,6 +210,8 @@ flowchart LR
#### Fire Rated Feeders #### Fire Rated Feeders
[[fire-resistive-wiring-methods-takeoff]]
PDI estimating practice is to run all "emergency" feeds PDI estimating practice is to run all "emergency" feeds
(life-safety or just standby) (life-safety or just standby)
in a 2-hour rated assembly. in a 2-hour rated assembly.