diff --git a/2025-12-05.md b/2025-12-05.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c12f365 --- /dev/null +++ b/2025-12-05.md @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ +--- +id: +aliases: [] +tags: + - authorship/original + - destiny/permanent + - status/draft + - type/daily +title: "" +--- +# 2025-12-05 + +## 2025-12-05 10:41 + +### PDI Accubid Phase Office Space + +> [!quote] Joel Jansen to William Bonn 2025-12-05 (pp.) +> PDI Accubid `Phase` "Office Space" +> is normally used for core & shell retail office space + +Interpreted as tenant coworking space, a la +[Coworking & Office Space in St. Pete | Rising Tide](https://risingtidecowork.com/) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/emergency-communications-systems.md b/emergency-communications-systems.md index c410c9d..2264a8e 100644 --- a/emergency-communications-systems.md +++ b/emergency-communications-systems.md @@ -11,9 +11,54 @@ title: Emergency Communications Systems (ECS) --- # Emergency Communications Systems (ECS) -## Area of Refuge/Rescue (AOR) +See also [[fire-alarm]]. -Used to provide 2-way communication between the building exterior +## "Two-Way System" + +With the exception of ERCCS, +it is not appropriate to refer to one or any of these as _the_ two-way system. +_A_ "two-way communication system" as used by the ICC codes +refers to a single connection (for lack/ignorance of a better term), +therefore any building will always have more than one. + +> [!cite] [[ibc_s1009#1009.8.1 System requirements.]] (emphasis added) +> Two-way communication _systems_ shall provide communication +> between each required location and the fire command center +> or a central control point location approved by the fire department. + +For a high-rise condominium project, +To exclude _the_ two-way communication system +would be as nonsensical as excluding _the_ unit subfeed. + +> [!aside] +> There's an argument to be made +> that _the_ two-way communication system (singular) +> is legitimate shorthand for the super-system +> that includes all ICC two-way communication _systems_ (plural), +> and I'd tend to agree, but the distinction should be noted. + +All systems currently listed in this note +are described as "two-way communication systems". + +Those listed directly below have no overlap: +* stairway communication systems --- [[ibc_s0403#403.5.3.1 Stairway communication system.|IFC 403.5.3.1]] +* elevator landing communication systems --- [[ibc_s1009#1009.8 Two-way communication.|IFC 1009.8]] +* area of refuge communication systems --- [[ibc_s1009#1009.6.5 Two-way communication.|IFC 1009.6.5]] +* emergency responder communication coverage system -- [[ifc_s0510#SECTION 510---EMERGENCY RESPONDER RADIO COVERAGE|IFC Section 510]] + +### In Other Standards + +In NFPA 101 "two-way communication system" is used as generic term, +to be installed in accordance with the governing code +[[nfpa-72_national-fire-alarm-code|NFPA 72: National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code]]. + +[[nfpa-72_national-fire-alarm-code#Chapter 24 Emergency Communications Systems (ECS)]] + +[[nfpa-72_national-fire-alarm-code#24.8 Two-Way, In-Building Wired Emergency Services Communications Systems.|24.8 Two-Way, In-Building Wired Emergency Services Communications Systems.]] + +## Area of Refuge (AOR) Communication Systems + +Used to provide two-way communication between the building exterior and one or more designated areas offering relative protection from hazards (mainly fire) in an emergency. @@ -30,19 +75,18 @@ Area of Refuge is defined in [[nfpa-101_life-safety-code|NFPA 101: Life Safety C [[nfpa-72_national-fire-alarm-code#24.10 Area of Refuge (Area of Rescue Assistance) Emergency Communications Systems, Stairway Communications Systems, Elevator Landing Communications Systems, and Occupant Evacuation Elevator Lobby Communications Systems.]] -## Two-Way Communication Systems - -In NFPA 101 "two-way communication system" is used as generic term, -to be installed in accordance with the governing code [[nfpa-72_national-fire-alarm-code|NFPA 72: National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code]]. - -[[nfpa-72_national-fire-alarm-code#Chapter 24 Emergency Communications Systems (ECS)|Chapter 24 Emergency Communications Systems (ECS)]] - -[[nfpa-72_national-fire-alarm-code#24.8 Two-Way, In-Building Wired Emergency Services Communications Systems.]] - -## Emergency Responder Radio Communication Systems (ERRCS) +## Emergency Responder Communication Coverage Systems (ERCCS) > [!info] Also Known As -> * Emergency Responder Radio Coverage (ERRC) +> * Emergency Communication Coverage Systems (ECCS) +> * Emergency Responder Communications Enhancement Systems (ERCES) + +Includes implementations utilizing wired and wireless (radio) methods. + +### Emergency Responder Radio Coverage Systems (ERRCS) + +> [!info] Also Known As +> * Emergency Responder Radio Communication Systems (ERRCS) Relevant Standard: NFPA 1225 @@ -50,9 +94,9 @@ Where required, compliance is achieved by means of BDA and DAS systems as required by the AHJ. > [!quote] -An Emergency Responder Radio Coverage (ERRC) system -is a Public Safety Radio (PSR) DAS system -that enhances the coverage of wireless signals in buildings. -This allows first responders to communicate more effectively during emergencies. +> An Emergency Responder Radio Coverage (ERRC) system +> is a Public Safety Radio (PSR) DAS system +> that enhances the coverage of wireless signals in buildings. +> This allows first responders to communicate more effectively during emergencies. -## Voice Evacuation +## Voice Evacuation \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/fire-alarm.md b/fire-alarm.md index beb865b..ce02e10 100644 --- a/fire-alarm.md +++ b/fire-alarm.md @@ -11,6 +11,9 @@ title: Fire Alarm --- # Fire Alarm +See [[emergency-communications-systems]] +for non-fire-alarm systems. + ## Fire Command Center (FCC) > [!info] Also Known As diff --git a/ibc_s0403.md b/ibc_s0403.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f2c9148 --- /dev/null +++ b/ibc_s0403.md @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ +--- +id: +aliases: + - ibc-403 +tags: + - authorship/other + - destiny/permanent/entry-point + - exclude-from-word-count + - status/incomplete + - topic/construction/electrical + - type/media +title: SECTION 403---HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS +--- +# SECTION 403---HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS + +## 403.1 Applicability. + +High-rise buildings shall comply with Sections 403.2 through 403.6. + +%% TODO %% + +## 403.4 Emergency systems. + +The detection, alarm and emergency systems of high-rise buildings shall comply with Sections 403.4.1 through 403.4.8. + +%% TODO %% + +### 403.4.5 Emergency communication coverage. + +In-building, two-way emergency responder communication coverage shall be +provided in accordance with [[ifc_s0510|Section 510 of the _International Fire Code_]]. + +%% TODO %% + +## 403.5 Means of egress and evacuation. + +The means of egress in high-rise buildings +shall comply with Sections 403.5.1 through 403.5.5. + +### 403.5.3 Stairway door operation. + +Stairway doors other than the exit discharge doors +shall be permitted to be locked from the stairway side. +Stairway doors that are locked from the stairway side +shall be capable of being unlocked without unlatching +where all of the following conditions occur: + +1. Individually or simultaneously upon a signal from the fire command center. +2. Simultaneously upon activation of a fire alarm signal in an area served by the stairway. +3. Upon failure of the power supply to the lock or the locking system. + +### 403.5.3.1 Stairway communication system. + +A telephone or other two-way communications system +connected to an approved constantly attended station +shall be provided at not less than every fifth floor in each stairway +where the doors to the stairway are locked. +Systems shall be listed in accordance with UL 2525 +and installed in accordance with NFPA 72. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/ibc_s0918.md b/ibc_s0918.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..35a91b5 --- /dev/null +++ b/ibc_s0918.md @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +--- +id: +aliases: [] +tags: + - authorship/other + - destiny/permanent/entry-point + - exclude-from-word-count + - status/incomplete + - topic/construction/electrical + - type/media +title: SECTION 918---EMERGENCY RESPONDER COMMUNICATION COVERAGE +--- +# SECTION 918---EMERGENCY RESPONDER COMMUNICATION COVERAGE + +## 918.1 General. + +In-_building_ two-way emergency responder communication coverage +shall be provided in all new _buildings_ +in accordance with [[ifc_s0510|Section 510 of the _International Fire Code_]]. diff --git a/ibc_s1009.md b/ibc_s1009.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d4ee888 --- /dev/null +++ b/ibc_s1009.md @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ +--- +id: +aliases: + - ibc-1009 +tags: + - authorship/other + - destiny/permanent/entry-point + - exclude-from-word-count + - status/incomplete + - topic/construction/electrical + - type/media +title: SECTION 1009---ACCESSIBLE MEANS OF EGRESS +--- +# SECTION 1009---ACCESSIBLE MEANS OF EGRESS + +%% TODO %% + +## 1009.6 Areas of refuge. + +Every required area of refuge +shall be accessible from the space it serves +by an accessible means of egress. + +### 1009.6.5 Two-way communication. + +Areas of refuge shall be provided with a two-way communication system +complying with Sections [[#1009.8.1 System requirements.|1009.8.1]] +and [[#1009.8.2 Directions.|1009.8.2]]. + +%% TODO %% + +## 1009.8 Two-way communication. + +A two-way communication system +complying with Sections 1009.8.1 and 1009.8.2 +shall be provided at the landing serving each elevator or bank of elevators +on each accessible floor that is one or more stories above or below +the level of exit discharge. + +> [!important] Exceptions: +> 1. Two-way communication systems are not required +> at the landing serving each elevator or bank of elevators +> where the two-way communication system is provided +> within areas of refuge in accordance with +> [[#1009.6.5 Two-way communication.|Section 1009.6.5.]] +> +> 2. Two-way communication systems are not required +> on floors provided with ramps +> conforming to the provisions of Section 1012. +> +> 3. Two-way communication systems are not required +> at the landings serving only service elevators +> that are not designated as part of the accessible means of egress +> or serve as part of the required accessible route into a facility. +> +> 4. Two-way communication systems are not required +> at the landings serving only freight elevators. +> +> 5. Two-way communication systems are not required +> at the landing serving a private residence elevator. +> +> 6. Two-way communication systems are not required +> in Group I-2 or I-3 facilities. + +### 1009.8.1 System requirements. + +Two-way communication systems shall provide communication +between each required location and the fire command center +or a central control point location approved by the fire department. +Where the central control point is not a constantly attended location, +the two-way communication system +shall have timed, automatic telephone dial-out capability +that provides two-way communication +with an approved supervising station or emergency services. +The two-way communication system +shall include both audible and visible signals. +Systems shall be listed in accordance with UL 2525 +and installed in accordance with NFPA 72. + +### 1009.8.2 Directions. + +Directions for the use of the two-way communication system, +instructions for summoning assistance +via the two-way communication system +and written identification of the location +shall be posted adjacent to the two-way communication system. +Signage shall comply with the ICC A117.1 requirements for visual characters. + +%% TODO %% diff --git a/ifc_s0510.md b/ifc_s0510.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c847af5 --- /dev/null +++ b/ifc_s0510.md @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +--- +id: +aliases: + - ifc-510 +tags: + - authorship/other + - destiny/permanent/entry-point + - exclude-from-word-count + - status/incomplete + - topic/construction/electrical + - type/media +title: SECTION 510---EMERGENCY RESPONDER RADIO COVERAGE +--- +# SECTION 510---EMERGENCY RESPONDER RADIO COVERAGE + +## 510.1 Emergency responder radio coverage in new buildings. + +All new buildings shall have _approved_ radio coverage +for emergency responders within the building +based upon the existing coverage levels +of the public safety communication systems +of the jurisdiction at the exterior of the building. +This section shall not require improvement +of the existing public safety communication systems. + +> [!important] Exceptions: +> +> 1. Where approved by the building official and the _fire code official_, +> a wired communication system in accordance with [[ifc_s0907|Section 907.2.13.2]] +> shall be permitted to be installed or maintained +> instead of an approved radio coverage system. +> +> 2. Where it is determined by the _fire code official_ +> 3. that the radio coverage system is not needed. +> +> 4. In facilities where emergency responder radio coverage is required +> and such systems, components or equipment required +> could have a negative impact on the normal operations of that facility, +> the _fire code official_ shall have the authority to accept +> an automatically activated emergency responder radio coverage system. diff --git a/ifc_s0907.md b/ifc_s0907.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a9059bf --- /dev/null +++ b/ifc_s0907.md @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +--- +id: +aliases: + - ifc-907 +tags: + - authorship/other + - destiny/permanent/entry-point + - exclude-from-word-count + - status/incomplete + - topic/construction/electrical + - type/media +title: SECTION 907---FIRE ALARM AND DETECTION SYSTEMS +--- +# SECTION 907---FIRE ALARM AND DETECTION SYSTEMS + +%% TODO %% + +#### 907.2.13.2 Fire department communication system. + +Where a wired communication system is approved +in lieu of an emergency responder radio coverage system +in accordance with [[ifc_s0510|Section 510]], +the wired fire department communication system +shall be designed and installed in accordance with NFPA 72 +and shall operate between a fire command center complying with Section 508, +elevators, elevator lobbies, emergency and standby power rooms, +fire pump rooms, areas of refuge and inside interior exit stairways. +The fire department communication device +shall be provided at each floor level within the interior exit stairway. + +%% TODO %% diff --git a/lighting-controls.md b/lighting-controls.md index 13187e0..18d4d1a 100644 --- a/lighting-controls.md +++ b/lighting-controls.md @@ -45,6 +45,8 @@ This reduces the output power, so the lamp dims. > "Triac" refers to the electronic component > that does the wave-chopping. +#### Subtypes + There are two subtypes based on which side of the wave is chopped. * Magnetic Low Voltage (MLV)** -- AKA "Leading Edge" or "Forward Phase" @@ -57,7 +59,7 @@ There are two subtypes based on which side of the wave is chopped. > They are, unfortunately, the most common terms. > [!important] -> "Triac" is sometimes used in contrast to ELV erroneously to mean MLV +> "Triac" is sometimes used (in contrast to ELV) erroneously to mean MLV There also exist "universal" dimmers, which can be switched between the two subtypes. diff --git a/me-isms.md b/me-isms.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cae7380 --- /dev/null +++ b/me-isms.md @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +--- +id: +aliases: [] +tags: [] +title: Me-isms +--- +# Me-isms + +* (when misunderstood) "No, no, no."