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1960-04-04_durant-daily-democrat.md
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aliases: []
tags:
- authorship/other
- destiny/uncertain
- status/complete
title: Rev. William Alexander And Wife Killed In Airplane Crash
url: https://gateway.okhistory.org/ark:/67531/metadc2193346/
source: Durant Daily Democrat (Durant, Okla.), Vol. 59, No. 172, Ed. 1 Monday, April 4, 1960
2025-07-18_estimating-isnt-engineering.md
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- status/incomplete
- topic/estimating
- type/anecdote
title: "Estimating Isn't Engineering"
- authorship/original
title: Estimating Isn't Engineering
---
# Estimating Isn't Engineering
90-day-performance-review.md
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- destiny/permanent
- occupational
- status/complete
- authorship/other
title: 90-Day Performance Review
---
# 90-Day Performance Review
TODO.md
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- status/incomplete
- topic/meta
- type/encyclopedia
- authorship/original
title: TODO
---
# TODO
@@ -19,6 +20,10 @@ of the contents of [[this-notebook]].
These tasks are will never be complete,
so long as the notebook is in use.
### Assign Note Authorship
![[backlog.base#notes-without-authorship]]
### Assign Note Destiny
![[backlog.base#notes-without-destiny]]
@@ -29,10 +34,10 @@ so long as the notebook is in use.
### Cull Fleeting Notes
Handle and delete [[tags#destiny/fleeting]] notes.
Handle and delete [[tags#destiny/fleeting|fleeting]] notes.
![[backlog.base#fleeting-notes]]
## One-Time Tasks
![[tasks.base#meta]]
![[tasks.base#all]]
Templates/blank-system.md
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tags:
- destiny/permanent
- status/incomplete
- occupational/systems
- occupational/takeoff
- type/guide
title: Blank System
---
accubid-setup.md
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- status/draft
- occupational
- type/guide
- authorship/original
title: Accubid Setup
---
# Accubid Setup
ai-in-estimating.md
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- topic/estimating
- topic/software
- type/philosophy
- authorship/original
title: AI in Estimating
---
# AI in Estimating
alternating-current.md
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aliases: []
tags:
- destiny/fleeting
- topic/electrical
- topic/construction/electrical
- type/encyclopedia
- authorship/original
- status/incomplete
title: Alternating Current
---
# Alternating Current
area-of-refuge-takeoff.md
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tags:
- destiny/permanent
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- occupational/systems/standalone-systems
- occupational/takeoff/standalone-systems
- type/guide
- authorship/original
title: Area of Refuge (AoR)
---
# Area of Refuge (AoR)
## Info
> [!info]
> See [[emergency-communications-systems]] for information
> about Two-Way and AoR communication systems.
> [!info] Also Known As
> * Area of Rescue
> * 2-Way Communication
### 2-Way vs. AoR
Area of Refuge is defined in NFPA 101 _Life Safety Code_.
In NFPA 101 "two-way communication system" is used as generic term,
to be installed in accordance with the governing code NFPA 72.
NFPA 72 _Fire Alarm and Signaling Code_, Chapter 24 _Emergency Communications Systems (ECS)_
24.8 Two-Way, In-Building Wired Emergency Services Communications Systems
24.10 Area of Refuge (Area of Rescue Assistance) Emergency Communications Systems,
Stairway Communications Systems, Elevator Landing Communications Systems,
and Occupant Evacuation Elevator Lobby Communications Systems.
## Sequence
### 1. Preparation
Complete [[fire-alarm-takeoff]] preparation and takeoff.
### 2. Takeoff
##### Horizontal
## Horizontal
> Area: Same as Fire Command Room
@@ -51,17 +27,16 @@ Complete [[fire-alarm-takeoff]] preparation and takeoff.
* Length: Per drawings if shown, otherwise use longer of
* FCR to elevator lobbies
* FCR to stairwells
* Count: Number of boxes run to. Per drawings if shown, otherwise use the greater of:
* Count of elevators
* Count of stairwells
##### Vertical
## Vertical
> Area: "Typical - Building All Levels"
`FIRE ALARM & DAS SYSTEMS`/`TWO WAY COMMUNICATION ASSEMBLIES`/`...`
* Length: 15ft x per count
* Length: 15ft x count
* Count: match Horizontal
### 3. Review
assembly-objects.md
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- topic/estimating
- topic/software
- type/idea
- authorship/original
title: Assembly Objects
---
# Assembly Objects
assembly-philosophy.md
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- destiny/fleeting
- topic/estimating
- type/philosophy
- authorship/original
title: Assembly Philosophy
---
# Assembly Philosophy
automating-estimating-project-creation.md
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- topic/automation
- topic/organization
- topic/software
- authorship/original
title: Automating Estimating Project Creation
---
# Automating Estimating Project Creation
automating-pdf-annotation.md
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- topic/automation
- topic/software
- type/idea
- authorship/original
title: Automating PDF Annotation
---
# Automating PDF Annotation
backlog.base
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and:
- '!file.hasTag("status")'
- file.ext == "md"
- type: table
name: notes-without-authorship
filters:
and:
- '!file.hasTag("authorship")'
bad-bid-practice.md
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aliases: []
tags:
- destiny/fleeting
- authorship/original
- status/incomplete
title: Bad Bid Practice
---
# Bad Bid Practice
bid-process-strategy.md
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- topic/estimating
- topic/risk
- type/philosophy
- authorship/original
title: Bid Process Strategy
---
# Bid Process Strategy
birds.md
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tags:
- destiny/permanent
- status/incomplete
- topic/other
- type/encyclopedia
title: "Birds I've Seen Around Here"
- authorship/original
- topic/hobbies
title: Birds I've Seen Around Here
---
# Birds I've Seen Around Here
bpm-award-analysis.md
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- occupational
- topic/automation
- type/idea
- authorship/original
title: BPM Award Analysis
---
# BPM Award Analysis
breakdown-objects.md
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- topic/estimating
- topic/software
- type/idea
- authorship/original
title: Breakdown Objects
---
# Breakdown Objects
conductor-sizing.md
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tags:
- destiny/fleeting
- status/incomplete
- topic/electrical
- topic/construction/electrical
- type/encyclopedia
- authorship/original
title: Conductor Sizing
---
# Conductor Sizing
conduit-routing.md
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# Conduit Routing
## Shear Walls
[[construction-methods#Shear Walls|Shear Walls]]
Shear walls, like those around stairwells and elevator shafts,
may be routed through with special permission.
## Post-Tensioned Slabs
[[construction-methods#Post-Tensioned Slab|Post-Tensioned Slab]]
> [!cite] Joel Jansen 2025-08-15, in reference to Belle Meade Plaza (pp.)
> No affect on takeoff. Routing in slab still possible.
> [!cite] Joel Jansen 2025-08-21, in reference to Belle Meade Plaza (pp.)
> PT slabs do have some affect on takeoff.
> 3in conduit can not be run in an 11in PT slab.
## Pan Deck Slabs
[[construction-methods#Pan Deck Slab|Pan Deck Slab]]
> [!cite] Joel Jansen 2025-08-15, in reference to Belle Meade Plaza (pp.)
> Do not route in slab.
consolidate-electrical-info.md
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---
id:
aliases: []
tags:
- authorship/original
- destiny/fleeting
- status/incomplete
- topic/construction/electrical
- type/task
title: Consolidate Electrical Info
---
# Consolidate Electrical Info
Necessitated by task [[refactor-system-scripts]].
* Consolidate and expand on existing content
* Create an entry point for topic
![[topics.base#my-electrical]]
consolidate-estimating-thoughts.md
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- topic/estimating
- topic/meta
- type/task
- authorship/original
title: Consolidate Estimating Thoughts
---
# Consolidate Estimating Thoughts
construction-estimating-software.md
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- topic/estimating
- topic/software
- type/philosophy
- authorship/original
title: Construction Estimating Software
---
# Construction Estimating Software
construction-estimating-using-excel.md
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- authorship/original
- destiny/uncertain
- status/complete
- topic/estimating
- type/media-commentary
title: _Construction Estimating Using Excel_
title: "Review: _Construction Estimating Using Excel_"
---
# _Construction Estimating Using Excel_
# Review: _Construction Estimating Using Excel_
Construction Estimating Using Excel
(Peterson MBA PE, Steven)
construction-estimating.md
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- destiny/permanent
- topic/estimating
- type/encyclopedia
- authorship/original
title: Construction Estimating
---
# Construction Estimating
construction-methods.md
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---
id:
aliases: []
tags:
- authorship/original
- destiny/permanent
- status/incomplete
- topic/construction
- type/encyclopedia
title: Construction Methods
---
# Construction Methods
## Shear Walls
Shear walls span the height of a building.
Those around elevator shafts form a "shear core".
## Suspended Slab
> [!info] Reference
> * [Concrete Slab | Different types of Slabs in Construction](https://www.constructioncost.co/slabs-in-construction.html)
> * [Concrete Slab Types – Construction, Cost, and Applications – theconstructor.org](https://theconstructor.org/practical-guide/concrete-slab-construction-cost/28153/)
### Conventional Slab
Flat on both top and bottom faces
#### Post-Tensioned Slab
> [!example]
> STRUCTURAL SLAB IS AN 8-INCH THICK
> UNBONDED POST-TENSIONED TWO-WAY SLAB UNLESS NOTED OTHERWISE.
### Pan Deck Slab
> [!info] Also Known As
> * composite slab
> * corrugated slab
Concrete is poured into a corrugated steel "pan".
The corrugation and support allow for a substantially thinner slab.
> [!example]
> STRUCTURAL SLAB IS 3 1/2 INCHES OF NORMALWEIGHT CONCRETE
> ON 3-INCH COMPOSITE STEEL DECK UNLESS NOTED OTHERWISE.
### Other Suspended Slabs
These slabs achieve greater strength with complex formwork.
* Waffle Slab
* Ribbed Slab
## Tunnel Form
In tunnel form construction,
formwork is arranged to cast walls and slabs simultaneously
## DualDeck
DualDeck is a proprietary construction method from [Finfrock Design LLC](https://finfrock.com/).
> [!quote] [DualDeck® by FINFROCK | Precast Concrete Building System](https://finfrock.com/dualdeck-building-system/)
> Comprised of two 2.5-in.-thick precast, prestressed concrete slabs
> joined with high-strength steel reinforcements,
> the finished component serves as both the floor and ceiling surfaces in a multi-level building.
> The built-in subsystems accelerate construction times
> and the accessible interstitial space simplifies lifetime maintenance.
![|500x321](https://finfrock.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/exploded-DD-1024x659.jpg)
The decks are poured and assembled at Finfrock's headquarters and delivered to the job site.
Specialty contractors for projects utilizing DualDeck assemblies
must coordinate, fabricate, and deliver to Finfrock
any components that must be set into the slabs or routed in the interstitial space,
including outlet boxes, conduit, and fittings for electrical.
default-list.md
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tags:
- destiny/permanent
- status/incomplete
- topic/other
- type/encyclopedia
- authorship/original
- topic/hobbies
title: Default List
---
# Default List
design-build-budget.md
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- occupational
- status/draft
- type/guide
- authorship/original
title: Design Build Budget
---
# Design Build Budget
distributed-antenna-systems-takeoff.md
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- das
tags:
- destiny/permanent
- occupational/systems/standalone-systems
- occupational/takeoff/standalone-systems
- status/draft
- type/guide
- authorship/original
title: Distributed Antenna Systems (DAS)
---
# Distributed Antenna Systems (DAS)
distribution-equipment.md
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---
id:
aliases: []
tags: []
tags:
- authorship/original
- destiny/permanent
- status/incomplete
- type/encyclopedia
- topic/construction/electrical
title: Distribution Equipment
---
# Distribution Equipment
## Pigtail Adaptors
![[burndy-AYP300_pigtail-adaptor.png|201x201]]
Pigtail adaptors are used where feeder wires exceed the range of panel lugs.
> [!info]
> "Pigtail adaptor" is the most common name and spelling for the device,
> however it's something of a misnomer,
> having nothing to do with pigtails (a short length of wire),
> the name likely stemming from the device being used _in lieu_ of a pigtail.
## Company Switch
> [!info] Also Known As
electrical-estimators-manual.md
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tags:
- destiny/uncertain
- type/media-commentary
- authorship/original
- topic/estimating
title: _Electrical Estimators Manual_
---
# _Electrical Estimators Manual_
electrical-takeoff.md
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aliases: []
tags:
- destiny/permanent
- occupational/systems/electrical
- occupational/takeoff/electrical
- status/draft
- type/guide
- authorship/original
title: Electrical
---
# Electrical
emergency-communications-systems.md
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---
id:
aliases: []
tags:
- authorship/original
- destiny/permanent
- topic/construction/electrical
- status/incomplete
- type/encyclopedia
title: Emergency Communications Systems (ECS)
---
# Emergency Communications Systems (ECS)
## 2-Way vs. AoR
Area of Refuge is defined in [[nfpa-101_life-safety-code|NFPA 101: Life Safety Code]].
In NFPA 101 "two-way communication system" is used as generic term,
to be installed in accordance with the governing code [[nfpa-72_national-fire-alarm-code|NFPA 72: National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code]].
[[nfpa-72_national-fire-alarm-code#Chapter 24 Emergency Communications Systems (ECS)|Chapter 24 Emergency Communications Systems (ECS)]]
[[nfpa-72_national-fire-alarm-code#24.8 Two-Way, In-Building Wired Emergency Services Communications Systems.]]
[[nfpa-72_national-fire-alarm-code#24.10 Area of Refuge (Area of Rescue Assistance) Emergency Communications Systems, Stairway Communications Systems, Elevator Landing Communications Systems, and Occupant Evacuation Elevator Lobby Communications Systems.]]
estimating-culture.md
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- topic/estimating
- topic/organization
- type/philosophy
- authorship/original
title: Estimating Culture
---
# Estimating Culture
estimating-detail.md
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- status/incomplete
- topic/estimating
- type/philosophy
- authorship/original
title: Estimating Detail
---
# Estimating Detail
estimating-dimensionality.md
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- topic/organization
- topic/software
- type/idea
- authorship/original
title: Estimating Dimensionality
---
# Estimating Dimensionality
estimating-methodologies.md
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- status/draft
- topic/estimating
- type/philosophy
- authorship/original
title: Estimating Methodologies
---
# Estimating Methodologies
estimating-philosophy.md
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- status/incomplete
- topic/estimating
- type/philosophy
- authorship/original
title: Estimating Philosophy
---
# Estimating Philosophy
estimator-calibration.md
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- topic/estimating
- topic/risk
- type/encyclopedia
- authorship/original
title: Estimator Calibration
---
# Estimator Calibration
excel-macros.md
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aliases: []
tags:
- destiny/permanent
- status/draft
- topic/software
- type/guide
- authorship/original
- status/complete
title: Excel Macros
---
# Excel Macros
@@ -18,14 +19,20 @@ assuming a fresh Excel install.
## 1. Enable Developer Tools
Add the hidden-by-default "Developer Tools" menu to the ribbon.
```menu
File > Options > Customize Ribbon
```
On the right side, under `Main Tabs`, check `Developer`.
From the new menu you can access macros and VB projects.
## 2. Create `PERSONAL.XLSB`
Create an empty macro in your "Personal Macro Workbook".
```menu
Developer > Code > Record Macro
```
@@ -33,20 +40,26 @@ Developer > Code > Record Macro
Set `Store macro in:` to `Personal Macro Workbook`
and click `OK`, then `Stop Recording`.
## 3.
This will create your `PERSONAL.XLSB` workbook,
a special workbook whose macros and other VB code
can be accessed from any other workbook.
## 3. Create a New Macro
```menu
Developer > Visual Basic
```
In the pop-up window, navigate to and double-click
"VBAProject (PERSONAL.XLSB)/Modules/Module1"
`VBAProject (PERSONAL.XLSB)/Modules/Module1`
Erase the empty macro created in step 2
and add desired macros here.
and add any custom macros here.
My favorite is provided below.
```vb
' Use on a column of empty and non-empty cells.
' Replace empty cells with the last non-empty cell's values
Sub FillDownEmptyCells()
Dim rng As Range
Dim cell As Range
favorite-quotes.md
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aliases: []
tags:
- destiny/fleeting
- authorship/original
title: Favorite Quotes
---
# Favorite Quotes
feeder-verification.md
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- occupational
- topic/automation
- type/guide
- authorship/original
title: Feeder Verification
---
# Feeder Verification
feeders-takeoff.md
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tags:
- destiny/permanent
- status/draft
- occupational/systems/feeders
- occupational/takeoff/feeders
- type/guide
- authorship/original
title: Feeders
---
# Feeders
[[conduit-routing]]
## Info
### Routing and Structural Considerations
#### Shear Walls
Shear walls, like those around stairwells and elevator shafts,
may be routed through with special permission.
#### Post-Tensioned Slabs
> [!example]
> STRUCTURAL SLAB IS AN 8-INCH THICK
> UNBONDED POST-TENSIONED TWO-WAY SLAB UNLESS NOTED OTHERWISE.
> [!cite] Joel Jansen 2025-08-15, in reference to Belle Meade Plaza (pp.)
> No affect on takeoff. Routing in slab still possible.
> [!cite] Joel Jansen 2025-08-21, in reference to Belle Meade Plaza (pp.)
> PT slabs do have some affect on takeoff.
> 3in conduit can not be run in an 11in PT slab.
#### Pan Deck Slabs
> [!example]
> STRUCTURAL SLAB IS 3 1/2 INCHES OF NORMALWEIGHT CONCRETE
> ON 3-INCH COMPOSITE STEEL DECK UNLESS NOTED OTHERWISE.
> [!cite] Joel Jansen 2025-08-15, in reference to Belle Meade Plaza (pp.)
> Do not route in slab.
#### Fire Rated Feeders
PDI estimating practice is to run all "emergency" feeds
@@ -51,7 +24,6 @@ since electrical riser rooms are themselves fire-rated.
* RHW-2 insulated conductors in conduit -- "Lifeline Cable"
* 2-hour rated metal clad cable -- "Vitalink"
### Formatting
All feeder takeoff descriptions should be prefixed with `<parent> TO <child>`
@@ -119,7 +91,9 @@ for all feeders, no matter the location.
#### Conductor Support
![[nfpa-70_300_general-requirements#300.19 Supporting Conductors in Vertical Raceways.]]
![[nfpa-70_300_general-requirements#300.19(A) Spacing Intervals -- Maximum.]]
![[nfpa-70]]
`ITEM DATABASE`/`CONDUIT & FITTINGS`/`CABLE SUPPORT / WEDGES`/`... COMPLETE FITTING`/...
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aliases: []
tags:
- destiny/permanent
- occupational/systems/fire-alarm
- occupational/takeoff/fire-alarm
- status/draft
- type/guide
- authorship/original
title: Fire Alarm
---
# Fire Alarm
@@ -44,12 +45,12 @@ Input adder length to reach the bottom of the pit (Minimum 15ft).
> Count the shafts accordingly:
>
> ```
> | 1 shaft | 2 shafts |
> | | |
> | || +--------+ +--------+ || | || +--------+ || +--------+ || |
> | || | Elev 1 | | Elev 2 | || | || | Elev 1 | || | Elev 2 | || |
> | || +--------+ +--------+ || | || +--------+ || +--------+ || |
> | ||=======================|| | ||============||============|| |
> | | |
> | 1 shaft | 2 shafts |
> ```
### FACR to Elevator Control Rooms
@@ -82,7 +83,6 @@ Horizontal:
Vertical:
* Use 10ft Riser in Typical
* Add [[sleeving-takeoff]] as necessary.
### Annunciator Panels
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ and every exterior exit.
### Flow/Tamper Switches
No free air. if wood frame, take off as EMT.
No free-air. If wood frame, take off as EMT.
_Design Build:_
Count every stairwell at every level.
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## Info
---
id:
aliases: []
tags:
- authorship/original
- destiny/permanent
- topic/construction/electrical
- type/guide
- status/incomplete
title: Fire Alarm
---
# Fire Alarm
### Fire Command Center (FCC)
## Fire Command Center (FCC)
> [!info] Also Known As
> Emergency Command Center (ECC)
> Fire Alarm Command Center (FACC)
> Fire Alarm Command Room (FACR)
> Fire Alarm Command Room (FACR)
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tags:
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- occupational/systems/fixtures
- occupational/takeoff/fixtures
- status/draft
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- authorship/original
title: Fixture Designations
---
# Fixture Designations
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tags:
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title: Fixtures
---
# Fixtures
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---
id:
id:
aliases: []
tags:
- authorship/original
- destiny/permanent
- occupational
- status/incomplete
- type/guide
- occupational/takeoff
title: Full Takeoff
---
# Full Takeoff
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- type/idea
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title: Functional Estimating
---
# Functional Estimating
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title: Functional Labor Factoring
---
# Functional Labor Factoring
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- type/idea
- authorship/original
title: Getting Historical Material Pricing
---
# Getting Historical Material Pricing
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title: Gold Plating
---
# Gold Plating
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tags:
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- occupational/takeoff/feeders
- status/draft
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title: Grounding
---
# Grounding
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title: Gut Feel
---
# Gut Feel
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title: HVAC Calculations
---
# HVAC Calculations
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title: IBC Construction Types
---
# IBC Construction Types
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---
id:
id:
aliases: []
tags:
- destiny/permanent
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- status/draft
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- authorship/original
title: Lighting Controls
---
# Lighting Controls
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tags:
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title: Lightning Protection
---
# Lightning Protection
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title: Low Voltage
---
# Low Voltage
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title: Material Pricing
---
# Material Pricing
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title: Me
---
# Me
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title: "_Mike Holt's Illustrated Guide to Electrical Estimating_"
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title: Misc Budgets
---
# Misc Budgets
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title: Monte Carlo Methods
---
# Monte Carlo Methods
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---
id:
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title: "NFPA 101: Life Safety Code (2018)"
---
# NFPA 101: Life Safety Code (2018)
<!--
This note is provided for future use.
Chapter headings can be extracted to new files with format `nfpa-101_00.md`.
-->
## Chapter 1 Administration
### 1.1 Scope.
### 1.2 Purpose.
### 1.3 Application.
### 1.4 Equivalency.
### 1.5 Units and Formulas.
### 1.6 Enforcement.
## Chapter 2 Referenced Publications
### 2.1 General.
### 2.2 NFPA Publications.
### 2.3 Other Publications.
### 2.4 References for Extracts in Mandatory Sections.
## Chapter 3 Definitions
### 3.1 General.
### 3.2 NFPA Official Definitions.
### 3.3 General Definitions.
## Chapter 4 General
### 4.1 Goals.
### 4.2 Objectives.
### 4.3 Assumptions.
### 4.4 Life Safety Compliance Options.
### 4.5 Fundamental Requirements.
### 4.6 General Requirements.
### 4.7 Fire Drills.
### 4.8 Emergency Action Plan.
## Chapter 5 Performance-Based Option
### 5.1 General Requirements.
### 5.2 Performance Criteria.
### 5.3 Retained Prescriptive Requirements.
### 5.4 Design Specifications and Other Conditions.
### 5.5 Design Fire Scenarios.
### 5.6 Evaluation of Proposed Designs.
### 5.7 Safety Factors.
### 5.8 Documentation Requirements.
## Chapter 6 Classification of Occupancy and Hazard of Contents
### 6.1 Classification of Occupancy.
### 6.2 Hazard of Contents.
## Chapter 7 Means of Egress
### 7.1 General.
### 7.2 Means of Egress Components.
### 7.3 Capacity of Means of Egress.
### 7.4 Number of Means of Egress.
### 7.5 Arrangement of Means of Egress.
### 7.6 Measurement of Travel Distance to Exits.
### 7.7 Discharge from Exits.
### 7.8 Illumination of Means of Egress.
### 7.9 Emergency Lighting.
### 7.10 Marking of Means of Egress.
### 7.11 Special Provisions for Occupancies with High Hazard Contents.
### 7.12 Special Provisions for Hazardous Materials.
### 7.13 Mechanical Equipment Rooms, Boiler Rooms, and Furnace Rooms.
### 7.14 Normally Unoccupied Building Service Equipment Support Areas.
### 7.15 Occupant Evacuation Elevators.
## Chapter 8 Features of Fire Protection
### 8.1 General.
### 8.2 Construction and Compartmentation.
### 8.3 Fire Barriers.
### 8.4 Smoke Partitions.
### 8.5 Smoke Barriers.
### 8.6 Vertical Openings.
### 8.7 Special Hazard Protection.
### 8.8 Inspection and Testing of Door Assemblies.
## Chapter 9 Building Service and Fire Protection Equipment
### 9.1 Utilities.
### 9.2 Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning.
### 9.3 Smoke Control.
### 9.4 Elevators, Escalators, and Conveyors.
### 9.5 Waste Chutes, Incinerators, and Laundry Chutes.
### 9.6 Fire Detection, Alarm, and Communications Systems.
### 9.7 Automatic Sprinklers.
### 9.8 Other Automatic Extinguishing Equipment.
### 9.9 Portable Fire Extinguishers.
### 9.10 Standpipe Systems.
### 9.11 Fire Protection System Operating Features.
### 9.12 Carbon Monoxide (CO) Detection and Warning Equipment.
### 9.13 Special Inspections and Tests.
### 9.14 Risk Analysis for Mass Notification Systems.
## Chapter 10 Interior Finish, Contents, and Furnishings
### 10.1 General.
### 10.2 Interior Finish.
### 10.3 Contents and Furnishings.
## Chapter 11 Special Structures and High-Rise Buildings
### 11.1 General Requirements.
### 11.2 Open Structures.
### 11.3 Towers.
### 11.4 Water-Surrounded Structures.
### 11.5 Piers.
### 11.6 Vehicles and Vessels.
### 11.7 Underground Structures and Limited Access Structures.
### 11.8 High-Rise Buildings.
### 11.9 Permanent Membrane Structures.
### 11.10 Temporary Membrane Structures.
### 11.11 Tents.
### 11.12 Animal Housing Facilities.
## Chapter 12 New Assembly Occupancies
### 12.1 General Requirements.
### 12.2 Means of Egress Requirements.
### 12.3 Protection.
### 12.4 Special Provisions.
### 12.5 Building Services.
### 12.6 Reserved.
### 12.7 Operating Features.
## Chapter 13 Existing Assembly Occupancies
### 13.1 General Requirements.
### 13.2 Means of Egress Requirements.
### 13.3 Protection.
### 13.4 Special Provisions.
### 13.5 Building Services.
### 13.6 Reserved.
### 13.7 Operating Features.
## Chapter 14 New Educational Occupancies
### 14.1 General Requirements.
### 14.2 Means of Egress Requirements.
### 14.3 Protection.
### 14.4 Special Provisions.
### 14.5 Building Services.
### 14.6 Reserved.
### 14.7 Operating Features.
## Chapter 15 Existing Educational Occupancies
### 15.1 General Requirements.
### 15.2 Means of Egress Requirements.
### 15.3 Protection.
### 15.4 Special Provisions.
### 15.5 Building Services.
### 15.6 Reserved.
### 15.7 Operating Features.
## Chapter 16 New Day-Care Occupancies
### 16.1 General Requirements.
### 16.2 Means of Egress Requirements.
### 16.3 Protection.
### 16.4 Special Provisions.
### 16.5 Building Services.
### 16.6 Day-Care Homes.
### 16.7 Operating Features.
## Chapter 17 Existing Day-Care Occupancies
### 17.1 General Requirements.
### 17.2 Means of Egress Requirements.
### 17.3 Protection.
### 17.4 Special Provisions.
### 17.5 Building Services.
### 17.6 Day-Care Homes.
### 17.7 Operating Features.
## Chapter 18 New Health Care Occupancies
### 18.1 General Requirements.
### 18.2 Means of Egress Requirements.
### 18.3 Protection.
### 18.4 Special Provisions.
### 18.5 Building Services.
### 18.6 Reserved.
### 18.7 Operating Features.
## Chapter 19 Existing Health Care Occupancies
### 19.1 General Requirements.
### 19.2 Means of Egress Requirements.
### 19.3 Protection.
### 19.4 Special Provisions.
### 19.5 Building Services.
### 19.6 Reserved.
### 19.7 Operating Features.
## Chapter 20 New Ambulatory Health Care Occupancies
### 20.1 General Requirements.
### 20.2 Means of Egress Requirements.
### 20.3 Protection.
### 20.4 Special Provisions.
### 20.5 Building Services.
### 20.6 Reserved.
### 20.7 Operating Features.
## Chapter 21 Existing Ambulatory Health Care Occupancies
### 21.1 General Requirements.
### 21.2 Means of Egress Requirements.
### 21.3 Protection.
### 21.4 Special Provisions.
### 21.5 Building Services.
### 21.6 Reserved.
### 21.7 Operating Features.
## Chapter 22 New Detention and Correctional Occupancies
### 22.1 General Requirements.
### 22.2 Means of Egress Requirements.
### 22.3 Protection.
### 22.4 Special Provisions.
### 22.5 Building Services.
### 22.6 Reserved.
### 22.7 Operating Features.
## Chapter 23 Existing Detention and Correctional Occupancies
### 23.1 General Requirements.
### 23.2 Means of Egress Requirements.
### 23.3 Protection.
### 23.4 Special Provisions.
### 23.5 Building Services.
### 23.6 Reserved.
### 23.7 Operating Features.
## Chapter 24 Oneand Two-Family Dwellings
### 24.1 General Requirements.
### 24.2 Means of Escape Requirements.
### 24.3 Protection.
### 24.4 Reserved.
### 24.5 Building Services.
## Chapter 25 Reserved
## Chapter 26 Lodging or Rooming Houses
### 26.1 General Requirements.
### 26.2 Means of Escape Requirements.
### 26.3 Protection.
### 26.4 Reserved.
### 26.5 Building Services.
### 26.6 Reserved.
### 26.7 Operating Features.
## Chapter 27 Reserved
## Chapter 28 New Hotels and Dormitories
### 28.1 General Requirements.
### 28.2 Means of Egress Requirements.
### 28.3 Protection.
### 28.4 Special Provisions.
### 28.5 Building Services.
### 28.6 Reserved.
### 28.7 Operating Features.
## Chapter 29 Existing Hotels and Dormitories
### 29.1 General Requirements.
### 29.2 Means of Egress Requirements.
### 29.3 Protection.
### 29.4 Special Provisions.
### 29.5 Building Services.
### 29.6 Reserved.
### 29.7 Operating Features.
## Chapter 30 New Apartment Buildings
### 30.1 General Requirements.
### 30.2 Means of Egress Requirements.
### 30.3 Protection.
### 30.4 Special Provisions.
### 30.5 Building Services.
### 30.6 Reserved.
### 30.7 Operating Features.
## Chapter 31 Existing Apartment Buildings
### 31.1 General Requirements.
### 31.2 Means of Egress Requirements.
### 31.3 Protection.
### 31.4 Special Provisions.
### 31.5 Building Services.
### 31.6 Reserved.
### 31.7 Operating Features.
## Chapter 32 New Residential Board and Care Occupancies
### 32.1 General Requirements.
### 32.2 Small Facilities.
### 32.3 Large Facilities.
### 32.4 Suitability of an Apartment Building to House a Board and Care Occupancy.
### 32.5 Reserved.
### 32.6 Reserved.
### 32.7 Operating Features.
## Chapter 33 Existing Residential Board and Care Occupancies
### 33.1 General Requirements.
### 33.2 Small Facilities.
### 33.3 Large Facilities.
### 33.4 Suitability of an Apartment Building to House a Board and Care Occupancy.
### 33.5 Reserved.
### 33.6 Reserved.
### 33.7 Operating Features.
## Chapter 34 Reserved
## Chapter 35 Reserved
## Chapter 36 New Mercantile Occupancies
### 36.1 General Requirements.
### 36.2 Means of Egress Requirements.
### 36.3 Protection.
### 36.4 Special Provisions.
### 36.5 Building Services.
### 36.6 Reserved.
### 36.7 Operating Features.
## Chapter 37 Existing Mercantile Occupancies
### 37.1 General Requirements.
### 37.2 Means of Egress Requirements.
### 37.3 Protection.
### 37.4 Special Provisions.
### 37.5 Building Services.
### 37.6 Reserved.
### 37.7 Operating Features.
## Chapter 38 New Business Occupancies
### 38.1 General Requirements.
### 38.2 Means of Egress Requirements.
### 38.3 Protection.
### 38.4 Special Provisions.
### 38.5 Building Services.
### 38.6 Reserved.
### 38.7 Operating Features.
## Chapter 39 Existing Business Occupancies
### 39.1 General Requirements.
### 39.2 Means of Egress Requirements.
### 39.3 Protection.
### 39.4 Special Provisions.
### 39.5 Building Services.
### 39.6 Reserved.
### 39.7 Operating Features.
## Chapter 40 Industrial Occupancies
### 40.1 General Requirements.
### 40.2 Means of Egress Requirements.
### 40.3 Protection.
### 40.4 Special Provisions.
### 40.5 Building Services.
### 40.6 Special Provisions for Aircraft Servicing Hangars.
### 40.7 Operating Features.
## Chapter 41 Reserved
## Chapter 42 Storage Occupancies
### 42.1 General Requirements.
### 42.2 Means of Egress Requirements.
### 42.3 Protection.
### 42.4 Special Provisions.
### 42.5 Building Services.
### 42.6 Special Provisions for Aircraft Storage Hangars.
### 42.7 Special Provisions for Grain Handling, Processing, Milling, or Other Bulk Storage Facilities.
### 42.8 Special Provisions for Parking Structures.
### 42.9 Operating Features.
## Chapter 43 Building Rehabilitation
### 43.1 General.
### 43.2 Special Definitions.
### 43.3 Repairs.
### 43.4 Renovations.
### 43.5 Modifications.
### 43.6 Reconstruction.
### 43.7 Change of Use or Occupancy Classification.
### 43.8 Additions.
### 43.9 Reserved.
### 43.10 Historic Buildings.
## Annex A Explanatory Material
## Annex B Supplemental Evacuation Equipment
## Annex C NFPA Documents on Hazardous Materials
## Annex D Informational References
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title: "NEC Article 110: Requirements for Electrical Installations"
---
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title: "NEC Article 210: Branch Circuits"
---
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title: Article 215 Feeders
---
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title: Article 220 Branch-Circuit, Feeder, and Service Load Calculations
---
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---
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title: Article 310 Conductors for General Wiring
---
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title: "Article 314: Outlet, Device, Pull, and Junction Boxes; Conduit Bodies; Fittings; and Handhole Enclosures"
---
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title: "Article 430: Motors, Motor Circuits, and Controllers"
---
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title: "Article 450: Transformers and Transformer Vaults (Including Secondary Ties)"
---
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title: "Article 520: Theaters, Audience Areas of Motion Picture and Television Studios, Performance Areas, and Similar Locations"
---
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---
id:
aliases:
- nec
tags:
- authorship/other
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title: "NFPA 70: National Electric Code"
---
# NFPA 70: National Electric Code
* [[nfpa-70_090|90 Introduction]]
## Chapter 1 General
* [[nfpa-70_100_definitions|100 Definitions]]
* [[nfpa-70_110_requirements-for-electrical-installations|110 Requirements for Electrical Installations]]
## Chapter 2 Wiring and Protection
* [[nfpa-70_200|200 Use and Identification of Grounded Conductors]]
* [[nfpa-70_210_branch-circuits|210 Branch Circuits]]
* [[nfpa-70_215_feeders|215 Feeders]]
* [[nfpa-70_220_load-calculations|220 Branch-Circuit, Feeder, and Service Load Calculations]]
* [[nfpa-70_225|225 Outside Branch Circuits and Feeders]]
* [[nfpa-70_230|230 Services]]
* [[nfpa-70_240|240 Overcurrent Protection]]
* [[nfpa-70_242|242 Overvoltage Protection]]
* [[nfpa-70_250|250 Grounding and Bonding]]
## Chapter 3 Wiring Methods and Materials
* [[nfpa-70_300_general-requirements|300 General Requirements for Wiring Methods and Materials]]
* [[nfpa-70_310_conductors_for_general_wiring|310 Conductors for General Wiring]]
* [[nfpa-70_311|311 Medium Voltage Conductors and Cable]]
* [[nfpa-70_312|312 Cabinets, Cutout Boxes, and Meter Socket Enclosures]]
* [[nfpa-70_314_boxes|314 Outlet, Device, Pull, and Junction Boxes; Conduit Bodies; Fittings; and Handhole Enclosures]]
* [[nfpa-70_320|320 Armored Cable: Type AC]]
* [[nfpa-70_322|322 Flat Cable Assemblies: Type FC]]
* [[nfpa-70_324|324 Flat Conductor Cable: Type FCC]]
* [[nfpa-70_326|326 Integrated Gas Spacer Cable: Type IGS]]
* [[nfpa-70_330|330 Metal-Clad Cable: Type MC]]
* [[nfpa-70_332|332 Mineral-Insulated, Metal-Sheathed Cable: Type MI]]
* [[nfpa-70_334|334 Nonmetallic-Sheathed Cable: Types NM and NMC]]
* [[nfpa-70_336|336 Power and Control Tray Cable: Type TC]]
* [[nfpa-70_337|337 Type P Cable]]
* [[nfpa-70_338|338 Service-Entrance Cable: Types SE and USE]]
* [[nfpa-70_340|340 Underground Feeder and Branch-Circuit Cable: Type UF]]
* [[nfpa-70_342|342 Intermediate Metal Conduit: Type IMC]]
* [[nfpa-70_344|344 Rigid Metal Conduit: Type RMC]]
* [[nfpa-70_348|348 Flexible Metal Conduit: Type FMC]]
* [[nfpa-70_350|350 Liquidtight Flexible Metal Conduit: Type LFMC]]
* [[nfpa-70_352|352 Rigid Polyvinyl Chloride Conduit: Type PVC]]
* [[nfpa-70_353|353 High Density Polyethylene Conduit: Type HDPE Conduit]]
* [[nfpa-70_354|354 Nonmetallic Underground Conduit with Conductors: Type NUCC]]
* [[nfpa-70_355|355 Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Conduit: Type RTRC]]
* [[nfpa-70_356|356 Liquidtight Flexible Nonmetallic Conduit: Type LFNC]]
* [[nfpa-70_358|358 Electrical Metallic Tubing: Type EMT]]
* [[nfpa-70_360|360 Flexible Metallic Tubing: Type FMT]]
* [[nfpa-70_362|362 Electrical Nonmetallic Tubing: Type ENT]]
* [[nfpa-70_366|366 Auxiliary Gutters]]
* [[nfpa-70_368|368 Busways]]
* [[nfpa-70_370|370 Cablebus]]
* [[nfpa-70_372|372 Cellular Concrete Floor Raceways]]
* [[nfpa-70_374|374 Cellular Metal Floor Raceways]]
* [[nfpa-70_376|376 Metal Wireways]]
* [[nfpa-70_378|378 Nonmetallic Wireways]]
* [[nfpa-70_380|380 Multioutlet Assembly]]
* [[nfpa-70_382|382 Nonmetallic Extensions]]
* [[nfpa-70_384|384 Strut-Type Channel Raceway]]
* [[nfpa-70_386|386 Surface Metal Raceways]]
* [[nfpa-70_388|388 Surface Nonmetallic Raceways]]
* [[nfpa-70_390|390 Underfloor Raceways]]
* [[nfpa-70_392|392 Cable Trays]]
* [[nfpa-70_393|393 Low-Voltage Suspended Ceiling Power Distribution Systems]]
* [[nfpa-70_394|394 Concealed Knob-and-Tube Wiring]]
* [[nfpa-70_396|396 Messenger-Supported Wiring]]
* [[nfpa-70_398|398 Open Wiring on Insulators]]
* [[nfpa-70_399|399 Outdoor Overhead Conductors over 1000 Volts]]
## Chapter 4 Equipment for General Use
* [[nfpa-70_400|400 Flexible Cords and Flexible Cables]]
* [[nfpa-70_402|402 Fixture Wires]]
* [[nfpa-70_404|404 Switches]]
* [[nfpa-70_406|406 Receptacles, Cord Connectors, and Attachment Plugs (Caps)]]
* [[nfpa-70_408|408 Switchboards, Switchgear, and Panelboards]]
* [[nfpa-70_409|409 Industrial Control Panels]]
* [[nfpa-70_410|410 Luminaires, Lampholders, and Lamps]]
* [[nfpa-70_411|411 Low-Voltage Lighting]]
* [[nfpa-70_422|422 Appliances]]
* [[nfpa-70_424|424 Fixed Electric Space-Heating Equipment]]
* [[nfpa-70_425|425 Fixed Resistance and Electrode Industrial Process Heating Equipment]]
* [[nfpa-70_426|426 Fixed Outdoor Electric Deicing and Snow-Melting Equipment]]
* [[nfpa-70_427|427 Fixed Electric Heating Equipment for Pipelines and Vessels]]
* [[nfpa-70_430_motors|430 Motors, Motor Circuits, and Controllers]]
* [[nfpa-70_440|440 Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating Equipment]]
* [[nfpa-70_445|445 Generators]]
* [[nfpa-70_450_transformers|450 Transformers and Transformer Vaults (Including Secondary Ties)]]
* [[nfpa-70_455|455 Phase Converters]]
* [[nfpa-70_460|460 Capacitors]]
* [[nfpa-70_470|470 Resistors and Reactors]]
* [[nfpa-70_480|480 Storage Batteries]]
* [[nfpa-70_490|490 Equipment Over 1000 Volts, Nominal]]
## Chapter 5 Special Occupancies
* [[nfpa-70_500|500 Hazardous (Classified) Locations, Classes I, II, and III, Divisions 1 and 2]]
* [[nfpa-70_501|501 Class I Locations]]
* [[nfpa-70_502|502 Class II Locations]]
* [[nfpa-70_503|503 Class III Locations]]
* [[nfpa-70_504|504 Intrinsically Safe Systems]]
* [[nfpa-70_505|505 Zone 0, 1, and 2 Locations]]
* [[nfpa-70_506|506 Zone 20, 21, and 22 Locations for Combustible Dusts or Ignitible Fibers/Flyings]]
* [[nfpa-70_510|510 Hazardous (Classified) Locations - Specific]]
* [[nfpa-70_511|511 Commercial Garages, Repair and Storage]]
* [[nfpa-70_513|513 Aircraft Hangars]]
* [[nfpa-70_514|514 Motor Fuel Dispensing Facilities]]
* [[nfpa-70_515|515 Bulk Storage Plants]]
* [[nfpa-70_516|516 Spray Application, Dipping, Coating, and Printing Processes Using Flammable or Combustible Materials]]
* [[nfpa-70_517|517 Health Care Facilities]]
* [[nfpa-70_518|518 Assembly Occupancies]]
* [[nfpa-70_520_theaters|520 Theaters, Audience Areas of Motion Picture and Television Studios, Performance Areas, and Similar Locations]]
* [[nfpa-70_522|522 Control Systems for Permanent Amusement Attractions]]
* [[nfpa-70_525|525 Carnivals, Circuses, Fairs, and Similar Events]]
* [[nfpa-70_530|530 Motion Picture and Television Studios and Similar Locations]]
* [[nfpa-70_540|540 Motion Picture Projection Rooms]]
* [[nfpa-70_545|545 Manufactured Buildings and Relocatable Structures]]
* [[nfpa-70_547|547 Agricultural Buildings]]
* [[nfpa-70_550|550 Mobile Homes, Manufactured Homes, and Mobile Home Parks]]
* [[nfpa-70_551|551 Recreational Vehicles and Recreational Vehicle Parks]]
* [[nfpa-70_552|552 Park Trailers]]
* [[nfpa-70_555|555 Marinas, Boatyards, Floating Buildings, and Commercial and Noncommercial Docking Facilities]]
* [[nfpa-70_590|590 Temporary Installations]]
## Chapter 6 Special Equipment
* [[nfpa-70_600|600 Electric Signs and Outline Lighting]]
* [[nfpa-70_604|604 Manufactured Wiring Systems]]
* [[nfpa-70_605|605 Office Furnishings]]
* [[nfpa-70_610|610 Cranes and Hoists]]
* [[nfpa-70_620|620 Elevators, Dumbwaiters, Escalators, Moving Walks, Platform Lifts, and Stairway Chairlifts]]
* [[nfpa-70_625|625 Electric Vehicle Charging System]]
* [[nfpa-70_626|626 Electrified Truck Parking Spaces]]
* [[nfpa-70_630|630 Electric Welders]]
* [[nfpa-70_640|640 Audio Signal Processing, Amplification, and Reproduction Equipment]]
* [[nfpa-70_645|645 Information Technology Equipment]]
* [[nfpa-70_646|646 Modular Data Centers]]
* [[nfpa-70_647|647 Sensitive Electronic Equipment]]
* [[nfpa-70_650|650 Pipe Organs]]
* [[nfpa-70_660|660 X-Ray Equipment]]
* [[nfpa-70_665|665 Induction and Dielectric Heating Equipment]]
* [[nfpa-70_668|668 Electrolytic Cells]]
* [[nfpa-70_669|669 Electroplating]]
* [[nfpa-70_670|670 Industrial Machinery]]
* [[nfpa-70_675|675 Electrically Driven or Controlled Irrigation Machines]]
* [[nfpa-70_680|680 Swimming Pools, Fountains, and Similar Installations]]
* [[nfpa-70_682|682 Natural and Artificially Made Bodies of Water]]
* [[nfpa-70_685|685 Integrated Electrical Systems]]
* [[nfpa-70_690|690 Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Systems]]
* [[nfpa-70_691|691 Large-Scale Photovoltaic (PV) Electric Supply Stations]]
* [[nfpa-70_692|692 Fuel Cell Systems]]
* [[nfpa-70_694|694 Wind Electric Systems]]
* [[nfpa-70_695|695 Fire Pumps]]
## Chapter 7 Special Conditions
* [[nfpa-70_700|700 Emergency Systems]]
* [[nfpa-70_701|701 Legally Required Standby Systems]]
* [[nfpa-70_702|702 Optional Standby Systems]]
* [[nfpa-70_705|705 Interconnected Electric Power Production Sources]]
* [[nfpa-70_706|706 Energy Storage Systems]]
* [[nfpa-70_708|708 Critical Operations Power Systems (COPS)]]
* [[nfpa-70_710|710 Stand-Alone Systems]]
* [[nfpa-70_712|712 Direct Current Microgrids]]
* [[nfpa-70_720|720 Circuits and Equipment Operating at Less Than 50 Volts]]
* [[nfpa-70_725|725 Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3 Remote-Control, Signaling, and Power-Limited Circuits]]
* [[nfpa-70_727|727 Instrumentation Tray Cable: Type ITC]]
* [[nfpa-70_728|728 Fire-Resistive Cable Systems]]
* [[nfpa-70_750|750 Energy Management Systems]]
* [[nfpa-70_760|760 Fire Alarm Systems]]
* [[nfpa-70_770|770 Optical Fiber Cables]]
## Chapter 8 Communications Systems
* [[nfpa-70_800|800 General Requirements for Communications Systems]]
* [[nfpa-70_805|805 Communications Circuits]]
* [[nfpa-70_810|810 Radio and Television Equipment]]
* [[nfpa-70_820|820 Community Antenna Television and Radio Distribution Systems]]
* [[nfpa-70_830|830 Network-Powered Broadband Communications Systems]]
* [[nfpa-70_840|840 Premises-Powered Broadband Communications Systems]]
## Chapter 9 Tables
* [[nfpa-70_anx-A|Annex A: Product Safety Standards]]
* [[nfpa-70_anx-B|Annex B: Application Information for Ampacity Calculation]]
* [[nfpa-70_anx-C|Annex C: Conduit, Tubing, and Cable Tray Fill Tables for Conductors and Fixture Wires of the Same Size]]
* [[nfpa-70_anx-D|Annex D: Examples]]
* [[nfpa-70_anx-E|Annex E: Types of Construction]]
* [[nfpa-70_anx-F|Annex F: Availability and Reliability for Critical Operations Power Systems; and Development and Implementation of Functional Performance Tests (FPTs) for Critical Operations Power Systems]]
* [[nfpa-70_anx-G|Annex G: Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)]]
* [[nfpa-70_anx-H|Annex H: Administration and Enforcement]]
* [[nfpa-70_anx-I|Annex I: Recommended Tightening Torque Tables from UL Standard 486A-486B]]
* [[nfpa-70_anx-J|Annex J: ADA Standards for Accessible Design]]
nfpa-72_national-fire-alarm-code.md
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---
id:
aliases: []
tags:
- authorship/other
- destiny/uncertain
- status/incomplete
- topic/construction/electrical
- type/media
title: "NFPA 72: National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code (2019)"
---
# NFPA 72: National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code (2019)
<!--
This note is provided for future use.
Chapter headings can be extracted to new files with format `nfpa-72_00.md`.
-->
## Chapter 1 Administration
### 1.1 Scope.
### 1.2 Purpose.
### 1.3 Application.
### 1.4 Retroactivity.
### 1.5 Equivalency.
### 1.6 Units and Formulas.
### 1.7 Code Adoption Requirements.
## Chapter 2 Referenced Publications
### 2.1 General.
### 2.2 NFPA Publications.
### 2.3 Other Publications.
### 2.4 References for Extracts in Mandatory Sections.
## Chapter 3 Definitions
### 3.1 General.
### 3.2 NFPA Official Definitions.
### 3.3 General Definitions.
## Chapter 7 Documentation
### 7.1 Application. (SIG-FUN)
### 7.2 Minimum Required Documentation. (SIG-FUN)
### 7.3 Design (Layout) Documentation.
### 7.4 Shop Drawings (Installation Documentation). (SIG-FUN)
### 7.5 Completion Documentation.
### 7.6 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance Documentation. (SIG-TMS)
### 7.7 Records, Record Retention, and Record Maintenance.
### 7.8 Forms.
## Chapter 10 Fundamentals
### 10.1 Application.
### 10.2 Purpose.
### 10.3 Equipment.
### 10.4 Design and Installation.
### 10.5 Personnel Qualifications.
### 10.6 Power Supplies.
### 10.7 Signal Priority.
### 10.8 Detection and Signaling of Conditions.
### 10.9 Responses.
### 10.10 Distinctive Signals.
### 10.11 Alarm Signals.
### 10.12 Fire Alarm Notification Appliance Deactivation.
### 10.13 Carbon Monoxide (CO) Notification Appliance Deactivation.
### 10.14 Supervisory Signals.
### 10.15 Trouble Signals.
### 10.16 Emergency Control Function Status Indicators.
### 10.17 Notification Appliance Circuits and Control Circuits.
### 10.18 Annunciation and Annunciation Zoning.
### 10.19 Monitoring Integrity of In-Building Fire Emergency Voice/Alarm Communications Systems.
### 10.20 Documentation and Notification.
### 10.21 Impairments.
### 10.22 Unwanted Alarms.
## Chapter 12 Circuits and Pathways
### 12.1 Application.
### 12.2 General.
### 12.3 Pathway Class Designations.
### 12.4 Pathway Survivability.
### 12.5 Shared Pathway Designations.
### 12.6 Monitoring Integrity and Circuit Performance of Installation Conductors and Other Signaling Channels.
### 12.7 Nomenclature.
## Chapter 14 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance
### 14.1 Application.
### 14.2 General.
### 14.3 Inspection.
### 14.4 Testing.
### 14.5 Maintenance.
### 14.6 Records.
## Chapter 17 Initiating Devices
### 17.1 Application.
### 17.2 Purpose.
### 17.3 Performance-Based Design.
### 17.4 General Requirements.
### 17.5 Requirements for Smoke and Heat Detectors.
### 17.6 Heat-Sensing Fire Detectors.
### 17.7 Smoke-Sensing Fire Detectors.
### 17.8 Radiant Energy–Sensing Fire Detectors.
### 17.9 Combination, Multi-Criteria, and Multi-Sensor Detectors.
### 17.10 Gas Detection.
### 17.11 Other Fire Detectors.
### 17.12 Carbon Monoxide Detectors.
### 17.13 Sprinkler Waterflow Alarm-Initiating Devices.
### 17.14 Detection of Operation of Other Automatic Extinguishing Systems.
### 17.15 Manually Actuated Alarm-Initiating Devices.
### 17.16 Fire Extinguisher Electronic Monitoring Device.
### 17.17 Supervisory Signal–Initiating Devices.
## Chapter 18 Notification Appliances
### 18.1 Application.
### 18.2 Purpose.
### 18.3 General.
### 18.4 Audible Characteristics.
### 18.5 Visible- Visual Characteristics -- Public Mode.
### 18.6 Visible- Visual Characteristics -- Private Mode.
### 18.7 Supplementary Visible- Visual Signaling Method.
### 18.8 Textual Audible Appliances.
### 18.9 Textual and Graphical Visible- Visual Appliances.
### 18.10 Tactile Appliances.
### 18.11 Standard Emergency Service Interface.
## Chapter 21 Emergency Control Function Interfaces
### 21.1 Application.
### 21.2 General.
### 21.3 Elevator Phase I Emergency Recall Operation.
### 21.4 Elevator Power Shutdown.
### 21.5 Fire Service Access Elevators.
### 21.6 Occupant Evacuation Elevators. (OEE).
### 21.7 Heating, Ventilating and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) Systems.
### 21.8 High Volume Low Speed (HVLS) Fans.
### 21.9 Door and Shutter Release.
### 21.10 Electrically Locked Doors.
### 21.11 Exit Marking Audible Notification Systems.
## Chapter 23 Protected Premises Alarm and Signaling Systems
### 23.1 Application.
### 23.2 General.
### 23.3 System Features.
### 23.4 System Performance and Integrity.
### 23.5 Performance of Initiating Device Circuits (IDCs).
### 23.6 Performance of Signaling Line Circuits (SLCs).
### 23.7 Performance of Notification Appliance Circuits (NACs).
### 23.8 System Requirements.
### 23.9 In-Building Fire Emergency Voice/Alarm Communications.
### 23.10 Fire Alarm Systems Using Tone.
### 23.11 Suppression System Actuation.
### 23.12 Off-Premises Signals.
### 23.13 Guard's Tour Supervisory Service.
### 23.14 Suppressed (Exception Reporting) Signal System.
### 23.15 Protected Premises Emergency Control Functions.
### 23.16 Special Requirements for Low-Power Radio (Wireless) Systems.
## Chapter 24 Emergency Communications Systems (ECS)
### 24.1 Application.
### 24.2 Purpose.
### 24.3 General.
### 24.4 In-Building Fire Emergency Voice/Alarm Communications Systems (EVACS).
### 24.5 In-Building Mass Notification Systems.
### 24.6 Wide-Area Mass Notification Systems.
### 24.7 Distributed Recipient Mass Notification Systems (DRMNS).
### 24.8 Two-Way, In-Building Wired Emergency Services Communications Systems.
### 24.9 Two-Way Radio Communications Enhancement Systems.
### 24.10 Area of Refuge (Area of Rescue Assistance) Emergency Communications Systems, Stairway Communications Systems, Elevator Landing Communications Systems, and Occupant Evacuation Elevator Lobby Communications Systems.
### 24.11 Information, Command, and Control.
### 24.12 Performance-Based Design of Mass Notification Systems.
### 24.13 Documentation for Emergency Communications Systems.
## Chapter 26 Supervising Station Alarm Systems
### 26.1 Application.
### 26.2 General.
### 26.3 Central Station Service Alarm Systems.
### 26.4 Proprietary Supervising Station Alarm Systems.
### 26.5 Remote Supervising Station Alarm Systems.
### 26.6 Communications Methods for Supervising Station Alarm Systems.
## Chapter 27 Public Emergency Alarm Reporting Systems
### 27.1 Application.
### 27.2 General Fundamentals.
### 27.3 Management and Maintenance.
### 27.4 Communications Methods.
### 27.5 Alarm Processing Equipment.
### 27.6 Alarm Boxes.
### 27.7 Public Cable Plant.
### 27.8 Emergency Communications Systems (ECS).
## Chapter 29 Single- and Multiple-Station Alarms and Household Signaling Systems
### 29.1 Application.
### 29.2 Purpose.
### 29.3 Basic Requirements.
### 29.4 Remote Annunciation.
### 29.5 Notification.
### 29.6 Assumptions.
### 29.7 Carbon Monoxide Detection.
### 29.8 Detection and Notification.
### 29.9 Power Supplies.
### 29.10 Equipment Performance.
### 29.11 Installation.
### 29.12 Optional Functions.
### 29.13 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance.
### 29.14 Markings and Instructions.
## Annex
### Annex A Explanatory Material
### Annex B Engineering Guide for Automatic Fire Detector Spacing
### Annex C System Performance and Design Guide
### Annex D Speech Intelligibility
### Annex E Sample Ordinance Adopting NFPA 72
### Annex F Wiring Diagrams and Guide for Testing Fire Alarm Circuits
### Annex G Guidelines for Emergency Communication Strategies for Buildings and Campuses
### Annex H Carbon Monoxide
### Annex I Informational References
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---
id:
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tags:
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- destiny/permanent
- type/encyclopedia
- status/incomplete
title: Outlets
---
# Outlets
![[nfpa-70_100_definitions#Outlet.]]
![[nfpa-70_100_definitions#Power Outlet.]]
![[nfpa-70_100_definitions#Lighting Outlet.]]
![[nfpa-70_100_definitions#Receptacle Outlet.]]
![[nfpa-70_100_definitions#Receptacle.]]
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tags:
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- topic/hobbies
- type/encyclopedia
- authorship/original
title: Owned Models
---
# Owned Models
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- type/idea
- authorship/original
title: Pathfinding
---
# Pathfinding
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title: PDI Building Types
---
# PDI Building Types
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- type/encyclopedia
title: PDI Estimating Systems
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title: PDI Estimating
---
# PDI Estimating
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title: PDI Labor Plan
---
# PDI Labor Plan
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title: PDI Market Types
---
# PDI Market Types
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title: Portable Tools
---
# Portable Tools
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id:
aliases: []
tags:
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- occupational
- status/draft
- type/guide
- destiny/permanent
- status/draft
- type/guide
- authorship/original
- occupational/takeoff
title: Pre-Takeoff Confirmation
---
# Pre-Takeoff Confirmation
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- occupational
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- authorship/original
title: Pre-Takeoff Research
---
# Pre-Takeoff Research
## Requirement Precedence
<!--
This note should be arranged chronologically:
-->
In case of conflict:
Requirements of the plans and specs
are superseded by the terms of our proposal,
which are superseded by specific direction from the bid team.
> [!important] Requirement Precedence
> In case of conflict:
> Requirements of the plans and specs
> are superseded by the terms of our proposal,
> which are superseded by specific direction from the bid team.
<!--
Where NEC, IBC, and other applicable codes fall in this hierarchy
is subject to some debate.
-->
## Wiring Method Selection
Seek to use the cheapest method,
as determined by Senior Construction Estimator
and Database Administrator,
as allowed for the situation.
See [[wiring-method-selection]].
* [[wiring-method-selection]]
* [[wiring-device-research]]
## Voltage Drop
@@ -33,46 +40,26 @@ Unless explicitly stated in the plans or specs,
conductors are to be sized according to the relevant schedule,
_without respect for voltage drop_.
### Feeders and Unit Subfeeds
### Subfeeds
<!-- TODO: -->
1. Read about the project specifications and construction type
* Delivery Method: (Plans & Specs, Design Build, Design Assist, Preliminary Budget)
* Corridor Ceiling type
### Branch Circuits
2. In the drawings, locate:
* Unit Panel Schedules
* Unit Load Calculations
* Riser Diagram
* Subfeed schedule (if present)
If voltage drop is to be considered in takeoff,
Use the table provided in the drawings.
If no table is provided, use the following:
<!--
TODO: Create flow chart for wiring methods.
Some cases to mention:
* Deck thickness (minimum 3x conduit outer diameter)
* Renovations (may not be able to run in slab)
-->
| Wire Size | Max Length |
| ---------:| ----------:|
| #12 | 100ft |
| #10 | 200ft |
| #8 | >200ft |
## Wiring Device Selection
Wiring devices and their wall plates are a common target of [[gold-plating]].
* Device grade: commercial < specification
* Minimum rating for general-use receptacles: N5-15R < N5-20R
* Device form-factor: Duplex/toggle < Decora
* Device cover plate material: Plastic < nylon < aluminum < stainless steel
* Device cover plate size: standard < mid-size < oversize "jumbo"
* Device cover plate attachment: Standard < screwless
* Floor box material: Steel < cast iron
* Floor box cover plate material: plastic < brass < aluminum
> [!info] Search Terms Relevant to Wiring Device Selection
> * "Decora"
> [!info] Example Specs Relevant to Wiring Device Selection[^1]
> * 26XXXX - Wiring Devices
> * 26XXXX - Boxes And Covers For Electrical Systems
> * 26XXXX - Lighting Control Devices
> * 26XXXX - Network Lighting Controls
[^1]: Specification section titles and scope may vary greatly between projects.
The examples provided are not an exhaustive list.
## Emergency Systems
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title: Project Info
---
# Project Info
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next: setup-accubid
title: Project Setup
---
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title: Project Start Notification
---
# Project Start Notification

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