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nfpa-70_100_definitions.md
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@@ -5,13 +5,13 @@ aliases:
tags:
- authorship/other
- destiny/uncertain
- exclude-from-word-count
- status/incomplete
- topic/construction/electrical
- type/media
- exclude-from-word-count
title: "NEC Article 100: Definitions"
title: Article 100 Definitions
---
# NEC Article 100: Definitions
# Article 100 Definitions
**Scope.**
This article contains only those definitions essential to the application of this _Code_.
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ A cable containing optical fibers and current-carrying electrical conductors.
### Cable, Optical Fiber, Conductive.
A factory assembly of one or more optical fibers having an overall covering and containing non–current-carrying conductive member(s) such as metallic strength member(s), metallic vapor barrier(s), metallic armor, or metallic sheath.
A factory assembly of one or more optical fibers having an overall covering and containing non--current-carrying conductive member(s) such as metallic strength member(s), metallic vapor barrier(s), metallic armor, or metallic sheath.
(CMP-16)
### Cable, Optical Fiber, Nonconductive.
@@ -516,7 +516,7 @@ Systems of illumination utilizing fluorescent lamps, high-intensity discharge (H
### Electronically Actuated Fuse.
An overcurrent protective device that generally consists of a control module that provides current-sensing, electronically derived time– current characteristics, energy to initiate tripping, and an interrupting module that interrupts current when an overcurrent occurs.
An overcurrent protective device that generally consists of a control module that provides current-sensing, electronically derived time-- current characteristics, energy to initiate tripping, and an interrupting module that interrupts current when an overcurrent occurs.
Such fuses may or may not operate in a current-limiting fashion, depending on the type of control selected.
(CMP-10)
@@ -647,7 +647,7 @@ The earth.
### Ground Fault.
An unintentional, electrically conductive connection between an ungrounded conductor of an electrical circuit and the normally non– current-carrying conductors, metallic enclosures, metallic raceways, metallic equipment, or earth.
An unintentional, electrically conductive connection between an ungrounded conductor of an electrical circuit and the normally non-- current-carrying conductors, metallic enclosures, metallic raceways, metallic equipment, or earth.
(CMP-5)
### Grounded (Grounding).
@@ -678,7 +678,7 @@ Class A ground-fault circuit interrupters trip when the ground-fault current is
### Ground-Fault Current Path.
An electrically conductive path from the point of a ground fault on a wiring system through normally non–current-carrying conductors, grounded conductors, equipment, or the earth to the electrical supply source.
An electrically conductive path from the point of a ground fault on a wiring system through normally non--current-carrying conductors, grounded conductors, equipment, or the earth to the electrical supply source.
(CMP-5)
Informational Note:
@@ -692,7 +692,7 @@ This protection is provided at current levels less than those required to protec
### Grounding Conductor, Equipment (EGC).
A conductive path(s) that is part of an effective ground-fault current path and connects normally non–current-carrying metal parts of equipment together and to the system grounded conductor or to the grounding electrode conductor, or both.
A conductive path(s) that is part of an effective ground-fault current path and connects normally non--current-carrying metal parts of equipment together and to the system grounded conductor or to the grounding electrode conductor, or both.
(CMP-5)
Informational Note No. 1:
@@ -786,7 +786,7 @@ Equipment and systems rated 1000 volts or less, normally found in offices or oth
(CMP-12)
Informational Note:
For information on listing requirements for both information technology equipment and communications equipment, see UL 60950-1-2014, _Information Technology Equipment — Safety — Part 1: General Requirements_ or UL 62368-1-2014, _Audio/Video Information and Communication Technology Equipment Part 1: Safety Requirements_.
For information on listing requirements for both information technology equipment and communications equipment, see UL 60950-1-2014, _Information Technology Equipment --- Safety --- Part 1: General Requirements_ or UL 62368-1-2014, _Audio/Video Information and Communication Technology Equipment Part 1: Safety Requirements_.
### Information Technology Equipment Room.
@@ -1355,7 +1355,7 @@ Access to the interior of the enclosure is provided by doors, removable covers,
Informational Note:
All switchgear subject to _NEC_ requirements is metal enclosed.
Switchgear rated below 1000 V or less may be identified as "low-voltage power circuit breaker switchgear." Switchgear rated over 1000 V may be identified as "metal-enclosed switchgear" or "metal-clad switchgear." Switchgear is available in non–arc-resistant or arc-resistant constructions.
Switchgear rated below 1000 V or less may be identified as "low-voltage power circuit breaker switchgear." Switchgear rated over 1000 V may be identified as "metal-enclosed switchgear" or "metal-clad switchgear." Switchgear is available in non--arc-resistant or arc-resistant constructions.
### Thermal Protector (as applied to motors).
@@ -1433,7 +1433,7 @@ Rainproof, raintight, or watertight equipment can fulfill the requirements for w
### Electronically Actuated Fuse.
An overcurrent protective device that generally consists of a control module that provides current sensing, electronically derived time– current characteristics, energy to initiate tripping, and an interrupting module that interrupts current when an overcurrent occurs.
An overcurrent protective device that generally consists of a control module that provides current sensing, electronically derived time-- current characteristics, energy to initiate tripping, and an interrupting module that interrupts current when an overcurrent occurs.
Electronically actuated fuses may or may not operate in a current-limiting fashion, depending on the type of control selected.
(CMP-10)
@@ -1554,7 +1554,7 @@ Associated nonincendive field wiring apparatus has designated associated nonince
Dust particles that are 500 microns or smaller (i.e., material passing a U.S. No. 35 Standard Sieve as defined in ASTM E11-2015, _Standard Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves_), and present a fire or explosion hazard when dispersed and ignited in air.
Informational Note:
See ASTM E1226-2012a, _Standard Test Method for Explosibility of Dust Clouds_, or ISO 6184-1, _Explosion protection systems — Part 1: Determination of explosion indices of combustible dusts in air_, for procedures for determining the explosibility of dusts.
See ASTM E1226-2012a, _Standard Test Method for Explosibility of Dust Clouds_, or ISO 6184-1, _Explosion protection systems --- Part 1: Determination of explosion indices of combustible dusts in air_, for procedures for determining the explosibility of dusts.
### Combustible Gas Detection System.
@@ -1597,14 +1597,14 @@ Enclosure Types 3, 3X, 3S, 3SX, 4, 4X, 5, 6, 6P, 12, 12K, and 13, per NEMA 250-2
Type of protection for the purpose of producing heat on the principle of electrical resistance and typically composed of one or more metallic conductors and/or an electrically conductive material, suitably electrically insulated and protected.
Informational Note:
See ANSI/UL 60079-30-1-2017, _Explosive Atmospheres — Part 30-1: Electrical Resistance Trace Heating — General and Testing Requirements_.
See ANSI/UL 60079-30-1-2017, _Explosive Atmospheres --- Part 30-1: Electrical Resistance Trace Heating --- General and Testing Requirements_.
### Encapsulation "m".
Type of protection where electrical parts that could ignite an explosive atmosphere by either sparking or heating are enclosed in a compound in such a way that this explosive atmosphere cannot be ignited.
Informational Note:
See ANSI/UL 60079-18-2015, _Explosive atmospheres — Part 18: Equipment protection by encapsulation "m"._
See ANSI/UL 60079-18-2015, _Explosive atmospheres --- Part 18: Equipment protection by encapsulation "m"._
### Explosionproof Equipment.
@@ -1623,7 +1623,7 @@ Type of protection where the enclosure will withstand an internal explosion of a
without suffering damage and without causing ignition, through any joints or structural openings in the enclosure of an external explosive gas atmosphere consisting of one or more of the gases or vapors for which it is designed.
Informational Note:
See ANSI/UL 60079-1-2015, _Explosive Atmospheres — Part 1: Equipment Protection by Flameproof Enclosures "d"._
See ANSI/UL 60079-1-2015, _Explosive Atmospheres --- Part 1: Equipment Protection by Flameproof Enclosures "d"._
### Hermetically Sealed.
@@ -1637,21 +1637,21 @@ For further information, see ANSI/ISA-12.12.01-2013, _Nonincendive Electrical Eq
Type of protection applied to electrical equipment that does not produce arcs or sparks in normal service and under specified abnormal conditions, in which additional measures are applied so as to give increased security against the possibility of excessive temperatures and of the occurrence of arcs and sparks.
Informational Note:
See ANSI/UL 60079-7–2017, _Explosive Atmospheres — Part 7: Equipment Protection by Increased Safety "e"._
See ANSI/UL 60079-7--2017, _Explosive Atmospheres --- Part 7: Equipment Protection by Increased Safety "e"._
### Inherently Safe Optical Radiation "op is".
Type of protection to minimize the risk of ignition in explosive atmospheres from optical radiation where visible or infrared radiation is incapable of producing sufficient energy under normal or specified fault conditions to ignite a specific explosive atmosphere.
Informational Note:
See ANSI/UL 60079-28-2017, _Explosive Atmospheres — Part 28: Protection of Equipment and Transmission Systems Using Optical Radiation_.
See ANSI/UL 60079-28-2017, _Explosive Atmospheres --- Part 28: Protection of Equipment and Transmission Systems Using Optical Radiation_.
### Intrinsic Safety "i".
Type of protection where any spark or thermal effect is incapable of causing ignition of a mixture of flammable or combustible material in air under prescribed test conditions.
Informational Note:
See UL 913-2015, _Intrinsically Safe Apparatus and Associated Apparatus for Use in Class I, II, and III, Division 1 Hazardous (Classified) Locations_; and ANSI/UL 60079-11-2013, _Explosive Atmospheres — Part 11: Equipment protection by intrinsic safety "i"._
See UL 913-2015, _Intrinsically Safe Apparatus and Associated Apparatus for Use in Class I, II, and III, Division 1 Hazardous (Classified) Locations_; and ANSI/UL 60079-11-2013, _Explosive Atmospheres --- Part 11: Equipment protection by intrinsic safety "i"._
### Intrinsically Safe Apparatus.
@@ -1683,7 +1683,7 @@ See Section 14.3 of NFPA 33, _Standard for Spray Application Using Flammable or
Type of protection where electrical equipment is immersed in a protective liquid in such a way that an explosive atmosphere that may be above the liquid or outside the enclosure cannot be ignited.
Informational Note:
See ANSI/UL 60079-6-2016, _Explosive Atmospheres — Part 6: Equipment protection by liquid immersion "o"._
See ANSI/UL 60079-6-2016, _Explosive Atmospheres --- Part 6: Equipment protection by liquid immersion "o"._
### Major Repair Garage.
@@ -1713,14 +1713,14 @@ Refer to Articles 510 and 511 with respect to electrical wiring and equipment fo
### Nonincendive Circuit.
A circuit, other than field wiring, in which any arc or thermal effect produced under intended operating conditions of the equipment, is not capable, under specified test conditions, of igniting the flammable gas–air, vapor–air, or dust–air mixture.
A circuit, other than field wiring, in which any arc or thermal effect produced under intended operating conditions of the equipment, is not capable, under specified test conditions, of igniting the flammable gas--air, vapor--air, or dust--air mixture.
Informational Note:
Conditions are described in ANSI/ISA-12.12.01-2013, _Nonincendive Electrical Equipment for Use in Class I and II, Division 2, and Class III, Divisions 1 and 2 Hazardous (Classified) Locations_.
### Nonincendive Component.
A component having contacts for making or breaking an incendive circuit and the contacting mechanism is constructed so that the component is incapable of igniting the specified flammable gas–air or vapor–air mixture.
A component having contacts for making or breaking an incendive circuit and the contacting mechanism is constructed so that the component is incapable of igniting the specified flammable gas--air or vapor--air mixture.
The housing of a nonincendive component is not intended to exclude the flammable atmosphere or contain an explosion.
Informational Note:
@@ -1728,14 +1728,14 @@ For further information, see ANSI/ISA-12.12.01-2013, _Nonincendive Electrical Eq
### Nonincendive Equipment.
Equipment having electrical/electronic circuitry that is incapable, under normal operating conditions, of causing ignition of a specified flammable gas–air, vapor–air, or dust–air mixture due to arcing or thermal means.
Equipment having electrical/electronic circuitry that is incapable, under normal operating conditions, of causing ignition of a specified flammable gas--air, vapor--air, or dust--air mixture due to arcing or thermal means.
Informational Note:
For further information, see ANSI/ISA-12.12.01-2013, _Nonincendive Electrical Equipment for Use in Class I and II, Division 2, and Class III, Divisions 1 and 2 Hazardous (Classified) Locations_.
### Nonincendive Field Wiring.
Wiring that enters or leaves an equipment enclosure and, under normal operating conditions of the equipment, is not capable, due to arcing or thermal effects, of igniting the flammable gas–air, vapor–air, or dust–air mixture.
Wiring that enters or leaves an equipment enclosure and, under normal operating conditions of the equipment, is not capable, due to arcing or thermal effects, of igniting the flammable gas--air, vapor--air, or dust--air mixture.
Normal operation includes opening, shorting, or grounding the field wiring.
### Nonincendive Field Wiring Apparatus.
@@ -1754,14 +1754,14 @@ Electrical equipment immersed in a protective liquid in such a way that an explo
Electromagnetic radiation at wavelengths in vacuum between the region of transition to X-rays and the region of transition to radio waves, that is approximately between 1 nm and 1000 μm.
Informational Note:
For additional information on types of protection that can be applied to minimize the risk of ignition in explosive atmospheres from optical radiation in the wavelength range from 380 nm to 10 μm, see ANSI/UL 60079-28-2017, _Explosive Atmospheres — Part 28: Protection of Equipment and Transmission Systems Using Optical Radiation_.
For additional information on types of protection that can be applied to minimize the risk of ignition in explosive atmospheres from optical radiation in the wavelength range from 380 nm to 10 μm, see ANSI/UL 60079-28-2017, _Explosive Atmospheres --- Part 28: Protection of Equipment and Transmission Systems Using Optical Radiation_.
### Optical System With Interlock "op sh".
Type of protection to minimize the risk of ignition in explosive atmospheres from optical radiation where visible or infrared radiation is confined inside optical fiber or other transmission medium with interlock cut-off provided to reliably reduce the unconfined beam strength to safe levels within a specified time in case the confinement fails and the radiation becomes unconfined.
Informational Note:
See ANSI/UL 60079-28-2017, _Explosive Atmospheres — Part 28: Protection of Equipment and Transmission Systems Using Optical Radiation_.
See ANSI/UL 60079-28-2017, _Explosive Atmospheres --- Part 28: Protection of Equipment and Transmission Systems Using Optical Radiation_.
### Outdoor Spray Area.
@@ -1777,7 +1777,7 @@ Equipment with electrical components suitable to be moved by a single person wit
Type of protection where electrical parts capable of igniting an explosive atmosphere are fixed in position and completely surrounded by filling material (glass or quartz powder) to prevent the ignition of an external explosive atmosphere.
Informational Note:
See ANSI/UL 60079-5-2016, _Explosive Atmospheres — Part 5: Equipment protection by powder filling "q"._
See ANSI/UL 60079-5-2016, _Explosive Atmospheres --- Part 5: Equipment protection by powder filling "q"._
### Pressurized.
@@ -1788,7 +1788,7 @@ The process of supplying an enclosure with a protective gas with or without cont
Type of protection for electrical equipment that uses the technique of guarding against the ingress of the external atmosphere, which may be explosive, into an enclosure by maintaining a protective gas therein at a pressure above that of the external atmosphere.
Informational Note:
See ANSI/UL-60079-2-2017, _Explosive Atmospheres — Part 2: Equipment protection by pressurized enclosures "p"._
See ANSI/UL-60079-2-2017, _Explosive Atmospheres --- Part 2: Equipment protection by pressurized enclosures "p"._
### Process Seal.
@@ -1799,21 +1799,21 @@ A seal between electrical systems and flammable or combustible process fluids wh
Optical fiber cable protected from releasing optical radiation into the atmosphere during normal operating conditions and foreseeable malfunctions by additional armoring, conduit, cable tray, or raceway.
Informational Note:
See ANSI/UL 60079-28-2017, _Explosive Atmospheres — Part 28: Protection of Equipment and Transmission Systems Using Optical Radiation_.
See ANSI/UL 60079-28-2017, _Explosive Atmospheres --- Part 28: Protection of Equipment and Transmission Systems Using Optical Radiation_.
### Protected Optical Radiation "op pr".
Type of protection to minimize the risk of ignition in explosive atmospheres from optical radiation where visible or infrared radiation is confined inside optical fiber or other transmission medium under normal constructions or constructions with additional mechanical protection based on the assumption that there is no escape of radiation from the confinement.
Informational Note:
See ANSI/UL 60079-28-2017, _Explosive Atmospheres — Part 28: Protection of Equipment and Transmission Systems Using Optical Radiation_.
See ANSI/UL 60079-28-2017, _Explosive Atmospheres --- Part 28: Protection of Equipment and Transmission Systems Using Optical Radiation_.
### Protection by Enclosure "t".
Type of protection for explosive dust atmospheres where electrical equipment is provided with an enclosure providing dust ingress protection and a means to limit surface temperatures.
Informational Note:
For additional information, see ANSI/UL 60079-31-2015, _Explosive Atmospheres — Part 31: Equipment Dust Ignition Protection by Enclosure "t"._
For additional information, see ANSI/UL 60079-31-2015, _Explosive Atmospheres --- Part 31: Equipment Dust Ignition Protection by Enclosure "t"._
### Purged and Pressurized.
@@ -1834,7 +1834,7 @@ The following apparatus are examples of simple apparatus:
3. Sources of generated energy; for example, thermocouples and photocells, that do not generate more than 1.5 volts, 100 mA, and 25 mW
Informational Note No. 2:
For further information, refer to ANSI/UL 913-2013, _Intrinsically Safe Apparatus and Associated Apparatus for Use in Class I, II, III, Division 1, Hazardous (Classified) Locations_; and ANSI/UL 60079-11-2013, _Explosive Atmospheres — Part 11: Equipment Protection by Intrinsic Safety "i."_
For further information, refer to ANSI/UL 913-2013, _Intrinsically Safe Apparatus and Associated Apparatus for Use in Class I, II, III, Division 1, Hazardous (Classified) Locations_; and ANSI/UL 60079-11-2013, _Explosive Atmospheres --- Part 11: Equipment Protection by Intrinsic Safety "i."_
### Spray Area.
@@ -1876,7 +1876,7 @@ A power-ventilated fully enclosed room used exclusively for open spraying of fla
Type of protection where electrical equipment, in normal operation, is not capable of igniting a surrounding explosive gas atmosphere and a fault capable of causing ignition is not likely to occur.
Informational Note:
See ANSI/UL 60079-15-2013, _Explosive Atmospheres — Part 15: Equipment Protection by Type of Protection "n"._
See ANSI/UL 60079-15-2013, _Explosive Atmospheres --- Part 15: Equipment Protection by Type of Protection "n"._
### Unclassified Locations.