143 lines
3.6 KiB
Markdown
143 lines
3.6 KiB
Markdown
---
|
||
id:
|
||
aliases: []
|
||
title: Lighting Controls
|
||
tags:
|
||
- authorship/original
|
||
- destiny/permanent
|
||
- status/incomplete
|
||
- topic/construction/electrical
|
||
- type/encyclopedia
|
||
---
|
||
# Lighting Controls
|
||
|
||
## Sensor Types
|
||
|
||
* Occupancy
|
||
* Vacancy
|
||
* Daylight
|
||
* Partition
|
||
|
||
## Occupancy/Vacancy Sensor Technologies
|
||
|
||
* Passive Infrared (PIR)
|
||
* Ultrasonic
|
||
* "Dual Tech" (PIR and ultrasonic)
|
||
|
||
## Switching/Communication
|
||
|
||
Dimming Terms
|
||
* **trim** --- refers to the minimum and maximum brightness levels
|
||
(low-end and high-end trim respectively)
|
||
a dimmer will reach. Usually adjustable.
|
||
|
||
### Line Voltage
|
||
|
||
120--347VAC
|
||
|
||
### Low Voltage
|
||
|
||
24V Class 2 control circuit
|
||
|
||
### Digital
|
||
|
||
#### Generic "Standalone"
|
||
|
||
The examples below are typical of a generic system,
|
||
with functionally identical features and topologies.
|
||
|
||
Includes wired (via [[twisted-pair-cable]] and 8P8C "RJ-45" connectors)
|
||
and wireless (via RF) communication.
|
||
|
||
* [Legrand Wattstopper Digital Light Management (DLM)](https://www.legrand.us/solutions/digital-lighting-management)
|
||
* [Acuity nLight®](https://nlight.acuitybrands.com/overview)
|
||
* [Lutron Vive](https://commercial.lutron.com/us/en/commercial-systems/vive)
|
||
* [Cooper Greengate](https://www.cooperlighting.com/global/brands/greengate)
|
||
|
||
#### Digital Addressable Lighting Interface (DALI) ^dali
|
||
|
||
[Digital Addressable Lighting Interface](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Addressable_Lighting_Interface)
|
||
|
||
Open protocol defined by [IEC 62386](https://www.dali-alliance.org/standards/IEC62386.html).
|
||
|
||
4-Conductor Class 2 control circuit
|
||
|
||
%%
|
||
Lutron's QS bares some resemblance to DALI.
|
||
%%
|
||
|
||
#### Digital Multiplex (DMX) ^dmx
|
||
|
||
[DMX512](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DMX512)
|
||
|
||
DMX512-A defined in ANSI E1.11-2008
|
||
|
||
Shielded [[twisted-pair-cable]] with XLR or 8P8C "RJ-45" connectors
|
||
|
||
#### See Also
|
||
|
||
> [!quote] [BACnet](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BACnet)
|
||
> **BACnet** is a communication protocol
|
||
> for building automation and control (BAC) networks.
|
||
> It is defined by **ANSI/ASHRAE 135** and **ISO 16484-5**.
|
||
|
||
[[twisted-pair-cable]]
|
||
|
||
## Dimming Technologies
|
||
|
||
* Triac (Line voltage dim)
|
||
* Analog (0-10V dim)
|
||
* Digital
|
||
|
||
All these control methods are likely to appear in drawings.
|
||
|
||
### 0-10V Dimming
|
||
|
||
[0-10 V lighting control](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/0-10_V_lighting_control)
|
||
|
||
In conduit:
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
Southwire 64350501
|
||
SIMpull® 16/2 Low Voltage Signal Cable, Blue
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
This method is compliant with
|
||
[[nfpa-70_725_control-circuits#725.136(I) Other Applications.|NEC 725.136(I)(1)]],
|
||
which allows control circuits to share a raceway with power conductors
|
||
if either all of the power conductors or all of the control conductors
|
||
are themselves in a raceway,
|
||
or in metal-sheathed, metal-clad, non--metallic-sheathed, or Type UF cable.
|
||
|
||
### Triac Dimming
|
||
|
||
Triac dimmers work by chopping the AC power waveform.
|
||
This reduces the output power, so the lamp dims.
|
||
|
||
> [!info]
|
||
> "Triac" refers to the electronic component
|
||
> that does the wave-chopping.
|
||
|
||
#### Subtypes
|
||
|
||
There are two subtypes based on which side of the wave is chopped.
|
||
|
||
* **Magnetic Low Voltage (MLV)** -- AKA "Leading Edge" or "Forward Phase"
|
||
* **Electronic Low Voltage (ELV)** -- AKA "Trailing Edge" or "Reverse Phase"
|
||
|
||
The "magnetic" and "electronic" of MLV and ELV
|
||
are holdovers from pre-LED days,
|
||
having nothing to do with how they are used today.
|
||
They are, unfortunately, the most common terms.
|
||
|
||
> [!important]
|
||
> "Triac" is sometimes used in contrast to ELV erroneously to mean MLV
|
||
|
||
There also exist "universal" or "phase select" dimmers,
|
||
which can be switched between the two subtypes.
|
||
|
||
### Digital Dimming
|
||
|
||
> [!info]
|
||
> It is likely that "digitally dimmed" fixtures are 0-10V dimmed internally.
|